Flora of North America species comparison

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Solanum seaforthianum

Brazilian nightshade
Leaves

petiolate;

petioles twining around supports, 1–4 cm;

blade simple to compound, elliptic to broadly ovate, (2–)3.5–10(–13) × (1–)2–9(–11) cm, margins entire to divided with up to 4 pairs of leaflets, leaflet margins entire, base truncate or slightly cordate.
Inflorescences

terminal, becoming lateral, extra-axillary, much-branched, to 100+-flowered, to 25+ cm.
Pedicels

inserted into small sleeve on inflorescence axis, 0.8–1.4 cm in flower and fruit.
Flowers

radially symmetric;

calyx not accrescent, unarmed, ca. 0.5 mm, nearly truncate, glabrous or sparsely pubescent on lobe tips;

corolla purple, stellate, 1–2.5 cm diam., with sparse interpetalar tissue;

stamens unequal due to unequal filaments;

anthers ellipsoidal, 2–3 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores;

ovary glabrous.
Berries

bright shiny red, globose, 0.8–1.5 cm diam., glabrous, without sclerotic granules.
Seeds

pale yellowish tan, flattened, 4–4.5 × 2.5-3 mm, minutely pitted.
Climbing

or scrambling vines, woody, unarmed, to ca. 3 m, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, hairs white, unbranched, ca. 0.2 mm.
2n

= 24.

Solanum seaforthianum
Phenology Flowering year-round.
Habitat Disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; Mexico; West Indies; Central America (Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama); South America (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela) [Introduced in North America; introduced also elsewhere in South America (Argentina, Paraguay, Peru), Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia]
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Solanum seaforthianum is widely cultivated as an ornamental and sporadically escapes in Florida. A similar species with twining petioles, S. laxum Sprengel, is occasionally cultivated in California. It is distinguished from S. seaforthianum by having tufts of hairs in the vein axils of the abaxial leaf surfaces, white rather than violet corollas, and equal stamens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Solanaceae > Solanum
Sibling taxa
S. americanum, S. aviculare, S. bahamense, S. campechiense, S. capsicoides, S. carolinense, S. chenopodioides, S. citrullifolium, S. cordicitum, S. davisense, S. deflexum, S. dimidiatum, S. diphyllum, S. donianum, S. douglasii, S. dulcamara, S. elaeagnifolium, S. emulans, S. erianthum, S. furcatum, S. hindsianum, S. interius, S. jamaicense, S. jamesii, S. laciniatum, S. lanceolatum, S. lumholtzianum, S. lycopersicum, S. marginatum, S. mauritianum, S. nigrescens, S. nigrum, S. nitidibaccatum, S. novomexicanum, S. perplexum, S. pseudocapsicum, S. pseudogracile, S. pumilum, S. rostratum, S. sarrachoides, S. setigeroides, S. sisymbriifolium, S. stoloniferum, S. tampicense, S. tenuipes, S. torvum, S. triflorum, S. triquetrum, S. umbelliferum, S. viarum, S. wallacei
Name authority Andrews: Bot. Repos. 8: plate 504. (1808)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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