Solanum nitidibaccatum
Solanum sarrachoides
hairy nightshade, hoe nightshade
viscid nightshade
petiolate;
petiole 0.5–3 cm;
blade simple, ovate to lanceolate, 2–10 × 1–5 cm, margins entire to sinuate-dentate, base cuneate to decurrent.
petiolate;
petiole 0.5–3 cm;
blade simple, ovate to elliptic, 3–7.5 × 3–6 cm, margins entire to sinuate-dentate, base truncate to cordate.
usually extra-axillary, occasionally leaf-opposed, unbranched, 4–8(–10)-flowered, 1–2 cm.
leaf-opposed or occasionally extra-axillary, unbranched, umbel-like, 2–5(–7)-flowered, 0.5–1.5 cm.
spreading to reflexed and 0.4–1 cm in flower and fruit.
0.5–1 cm in flower and fruit, spreading in flower, reflexed in fruit.
radially symmetric;
calyx accrescent and covering ca. one-half berry, unarmed, 3–4 mm, sparsely to moderately pubescent, lobes broadly triangular;
corolla white with yellowish central star edged with reddish purple to dark brown, rotate-stellate, 0.5–1 cm diam., with sparse interpetalar tissue;
stamens equal;
anthers ellipsoidal, 1–1.4 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores that open into longitudinal slits;
ovary glabrous.
radially symmetric;
calyx accrescent and nearly covering berry, unarmed, 2–3 mm, sparsely to moderately pubescent, lobes narrowly triangular;
corolla white with yellowish or greenish central star, rotate-stellate, 0.5–1 cm diam., with abundant interpetalar tissue;
stamens equal;
anthers ellipsoidal, 1.2–2 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores that open into longitudinal slits;
ovary glabrous.
shiny greenish to purplish brown, globose, 0.5–1 cm diam., glabrous, with (0–)2–3 sclerotic granules.
dull pale green, globose, 0.5–1 cm diam., glabrous, with 4–6 sclerotic granules.
yellow to brown, flattened, 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm, minutely pitted.
pale yellow, flattened, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm, nearly smooth.
= 24.
= 24.
Solanum nitidibaccatum
Solanum sarrachoides
Solanum nitidibaccatum has often been confused with and misidentified as S. sarrachoides, which has a much longer fruiting calyx that nearly covers the mature berry. Solanum nitidibaccatum also differs from S. sarrachoides in its smaller leaves, larger number of flowers per inflorescence (four to eight versus three or four in S. sarrachoides), and fruits with usually two or three sclerotic granules (versus four to six in S. sarrachoides).
Most references to Solanum sarrachoides in North American floras are actually S. nitidibaccatum. Solanum nitidibaccatum has also been confused with S. villosum Miller (R. L. McGregor 1986). J. M. Edmonds (1986) regarded S. nitidibaccatum as a variety of S. physalifolium, but the two taxa are now recognized as distinct species, with S. physalifolium restricted to South America. The name S. physalifolium, however, has been used for S. nitidibaccatum in a number of North American floras.
Solanum nitidibaccatum is currently considered to be native to both North and South America. It is a common weed in cultivated fields in the Great Plains, Pacific Northwest, and adjacent parts of Canada.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Many accounts of Solanum sarrachoides in North America actually refer either to S. nitidibaccatum or to a mixture of the two species. In North America, S. sarrachoides is much less widespread and common than S. nitidibaccatum.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
- Local floras:
OR - Local Web sites:
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Flora NW, 
MN Wildflowers, 
MO Plants, 
PNW Herbaria 
WildflowerSearch
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- Local floras: CA, OR
- Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW,
IL Wildflowers, 
KS Wildflowers, 
MD Biodiversity, MO Plants, PNW Herbaria - WildflowerSearch
- iNaturalist (observations)
USDA Plants Database- LBJ Wildflower Center
- SEINet
- Plants of the World Online
- Encyclopedia of Life
- Wikipedia
- Google Image Search
