Solanum mauritianum |
Solanum pseudogracile |
|
---|---|---|
earleaf nightshade |
glowing nightshade |
|
Habit | Shrubs or small trees, erect, unarmed, 2–12 m, densely pubescent, hairs white, sessile to long-stalked, stellate to echinoid. | Herbs or shrubs, annual or perennial, erect, unarmed, to 1 m, sparsely to moderately pubescent, hairs unbranched, to 1 mm, eglandular. |
Leaves | petiolate; petiole 1–8 cm; blade simple, elliptic to ovate, 11–31 × 4–14 cm, margins entire, base acute, often with smaller axillary leaves. |
petiolate; petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade simple, elliptic to lanceolate, 1.5–8 × 1–4 cm, margins entire or nearly so, base cuneate to attenuate. |
Inflorescences | terminal, becoming leaf-opposed, much-branched, 50–100-flowered, 5–24 cm. |
extra-axillary, unbranched or rarely forked, umbel-like, 3–8-flowered, 1–2 cm. |
Pedicels | erect and 0.2–0.5 cm in flower and fruit. |
0.5–1 cm in flower and fruit, recurved to reflexed in fruit. |
Flowers | radially symmetric; calyx slightly accrescent, unarmed, 4–7.5 mm, densely pubescent, lobes deltate; corolla purple, stellate-pentagonal, 1–1.5 cm diam., with abundant interpetalar tissue; stamens equal; anthers oblong, 2–3.5 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores that open into longitudinal slits; ovary tomentose. |
radially symmetric; calyx not accrescent, unarmed, 1.5–3 mm, sparsely pubescent, lobes deltate, reflexed in fruit; corolla white with yellowish central star, stellate, 1–1.5 cm diam., with sparse interpetalar tissue; stamens equal; anthers ellipsoidal, 2–3 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores that open into longitudinal slits; ovary glabrous. |
Berries | yellow, globose, 1–1.5 cm diam., tomentose, without sclerotic granules. |
dull purplish black, globose, 0.5–1.5 cm diam., glabrous, without (or rarely with 2) sclerotic granules. |
Seeds | yellowish brown, flattened, 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm, minutely pitted. |
pale yellow, flattened, 1–1.3 × 0.8–0.9 mm, minutely pitted. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Solanum mauritianum |
Solanum pseudogracile |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering May–Oct (year-round in Fla.). |
Habitat | Disturbed sites. | Coastal dunes, margins of maritime forests, brackish marshes. |
Elevation | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; FL; South America (Brazil, Uruguay) [Introduced also in Asia (India), Africa, Atlantic Islands, Indian Ocean Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia] |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX |
Discussion | In Florida, Solanum mauritianum has become naturalized and common only at one site in Pasco County. It also occurs frequently in southern California from Santa Barbara south to San Diego with urban waifs in the Bay Area. It appears to be spreading into relatively undisturbed riparian areas in the San Gabriel Mountains and may become a widespread pest. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Solanum pseudogracile is very similar to and perhaps not distinct from S. chenopodioides. It is ecologically distinctive, occurring in sand dunes and salt marshes of the Atlantic and eastern Gulf Coastal Plain and inland in some parts of Florida and Georgia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Solanaceae > Solanum | Solanaceae > Solanum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. auriculatum | |
Name authority | Scopoli: Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 3: 16, plate 8. (1788) | Heiser: Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 294. (1978) |
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