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mullein nightshade, potato tree

dwarf horsenettle, dwarf nightshade

Habit Shrubs or small trees, erect, unarmed, 2–8 m, densely pubescent, hairs sessile to short-stalked, stellate to echinoid. Herbs, perennial, erect, sparsely armed, to 0.2 m, prickles cream to yellowish, straight, to 3.5 mm, moderately to densely pubescent, hairs whitish, sessile, stellate, 4–8-rayed, central ray (1–)2–5-celled and longer than lateral rays.
Leaves

petiolate;

petiole 1–10 cm;

blade simple, elliptic to ovate, 10–25 × 3–15 cm, margins entire, base rounded or acute.

petiolate;

petiole 0.2–1 cm;

blade simple, elliptic to obovate, 2.2–8.6 × 1.1–5.1 cm, margins entire, sinuate, or shallowly lobed with 2–6 lobes per side, lobe margins entire, base cuneate to attenuate.

Inflorescences

terminal, becoming leaf-opposed, much-branched, 10–50-flowered, 5–20 cm.

extra-axillary, unbranched, 1–4-flowered, 3–7 cm.

Pedicels

0.2–0.6 cm in flower, erect and 0.4–10 cm in fruit.

1–3.5 cm in flower and fruit.

Flowers

radially symmetric;

calyx accrescent and subtending fruit, unarmed, 5–7 mm, densely pubescent, hairs stellate to echinoid, lobes broadly triangular;

corolla white, stellate, 1–2 cm diam., without interpetalar tissue;

stamens equal;

anthers oblong, 2.5–3.5 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores that open into longitudinal slits;

ovary tomentose, hairs stellate or echinoid.

radially symmetric;

calyx not accrescent, unarmed or sparsely prickly, 6–7 mm, densely stellate-pubescent, lobes triangular;

corolla white, stellate to stellate-pentagonal, 1.8–3 cm diam., with abundant interpetalar tissue at margins and base of lobes;

stamens equal;

anthers narrow and tapered, 6–7 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores;

ovary glabrous.

Berries

yellow to orange, globose, 1–2 cm diam., densely pubescent, without sclerotic granules.

unknown.

Seeds

yellowish brown, flattened, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm, minutely pitted.

unknown.

2n

= 24.

Solanum erianthum

Solanum pumilum

Phenology Flowering Apr–Oct (year-round in Fla.). Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat Hammocks, pinelands, disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) 80–200 m. (300–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; South America (Colombia) [Introduced in Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands (including the Galapagos Islands), Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; GA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In the United States, Solanum erianthum is common only in central to southern Florida and in extreme southern Texas near the Gulf of Mexico.

The name Solanum verbascifolium Linnaeus has been widely misapplied to S. erianthum (K. E. Roe 1968), but is a synonym of S. donianum that has now been rejected.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Solanum pumilum is endemic to Ketona dolomite outcroppings near the Little Cahaba River in Bibb County and on amphibolite outcroppings near the Coosa River in Chilton and Coosa counties in Alabama. It was collected originally from Georgia in the 1830s from Baldwin and Muskogee counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Solanaceae > Solanum Solanaceae > Solanum
Sibling taxa
S. americanum, S. aviculare, S. bahamense, S. campechiense, S. capsicoides, S. carolinense, S. chenopodioides, S. citrullifolium, S. cordicitum, S. davisense, S. deflexum, S. dimidiatum, S. diphyllum, S. donianum, S. douglasii, S. dulcamara, S. elaeagnifolium, S. emulans, S. furcatum, S. hindsianum, S. interius, S. jamaicense, S. jamesii, S. laciniatum, S. lanceolatum, S. lumholtzianum, S. lycopersicum, S. marginatum, S. mauritianum, S. nigrescens, S. nigrum, S. nitidibaccatum, S. novomexicanum, S. perplexum, S. pseudocapsicum, S. pseudogracile, S. pumilum, S. rostratum, S. sarrachoides, S. seaforthianum, S. setigeroides, S. sisymbriifolium, S. stoloniferum, S. tampicense, S. tenuipes, S. torvum, S. triflorum, S. triquetrum, S. umbelliferum, S. viarum, S. wallacei
S. americanum, S. aviculare, S. bahamense, S. campechiense, S. capsicoides, S. carolinense, S. chenopodioides, S. citrullifolium, S. cordicitum, S. davisense, S. deflexum, S. dimidiatum, S. diphyllum, S. donianum, S. douglasii, S. dulcamara, S. elaeagnifolium, S. emulans, S. erianthum, S. furcatum, S. hindsianum, S. interius, S. jamaicense, S. jamesii, S. laciniatum, S. lanceolatum, S. lumholtzianum, S. lycopersicum, S. marginatum, S. mauritianum, S. nigrescens, S. nigrum, S. nitidibaccatum, S. novomexicanum, S. perplexum, S. pseudocapsicum, S. pseudogracile, S. rostratum, S. sarrachoides, S. seaforthianum, S. setigeroides, S. sisymbriifolium, S. stoloniferum, S. tampicense, S. tenuipes, S. torvum, S. triflorum, S. triquetrum, S. umbelliferum, S. viarum, S. wallacei
Synonyms S. hirsutum, S. carolinense var. hirsutum
Name authority D. Don: Prodr. Fl. Nepal., 96. (1825) Dunal in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 13(1): 287. (1852)
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