Solanum donianum |
Solanum dimidiatum |
|
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mullein nightshade |
Torrey nightshade, Torrey's nightshade, western horsenettle |
|
Habit | Shrubs, erect, sparsely armed when young, older growth unarmed, 0.5–2.5 m, prickles brownish, 1–3 mm, straight, moderately to densely pubescent, hairs sessile to short-stalked, stellate, 6–9-rayed, central ray absent or shorter than lateral rays. | Herbs, perennial, erect, sparsely to moderately armed, to 1 m, prickles cream to yellowish, straight or slightly curved, to 6.5 mm, sparsely to densely pubescent, hairs whitish, sessile to short-stalked, stellate, (4–)6–10-rayed, central ray 1-celled and equal to or shorter than lateral rays. |
Leaves | petiolate; petiole 1–3 cm; blade simple, ovate to elliptic, 4.5–13 × 2–5.5 cm, margins entire, base rounded to acute. |
petiolate; petiole 1–4 cm; blade simple, ovate, 6–15 × 3–10 cm, margins sinuate or shallowly to deeply lobed with 2–4 lobes per side, lobe margins entire to coarsely lobed, base truncate to cuneate and often oblique. |
Inflorescences | terminal to extra-axillary, much-branched, with numerous flowers, 2–8 cm. |
extra-axillary, 1–several times branched, to ca. 20-flowered, 6–14 cm. |
Pedicels | erect and 0.7–1 cm in flower and fruit. |
1–2.5 cm in flower, 1.5–3 cm and curved downward in fruit. |
Flowers | radially symmetric; calyx not accrescent, unarmed, 2–4 mm, moderately stellate-pubescent, lobes triangular; corolla white, stellate, 1.5–2 cm diam., without interpetalar tissue; stamens equal; anthers narrow and tapered, 3–4.5 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores; ovary glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent. |
radially symmetric; calyx not accrescent, unarmed or with sparse prickles, 6–14 mm, densely stellate-pubescent, lobes ovate-lanceolate; corolla lavender, pale blue, or sometimes white, stellate to stellate-pentagonal or rotate-stellate, 2–4.6 cm diam., with abundant interpetalar tissue at margins and bases of lobes; stamens equal; anthers narrow and tapered, 5–9 mm, dehiscent by terminal pores; ovary minutely pubescent, hairs simple and stellate, rarely densely stellate-pubescent, glandular and eglandular. |
Berries | red, globose, 0.5–1 cm diam., glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent, without sclerotic granules. |
yellow, subovoid to depressed-globose, 1–2 × 1–2.5 cm, glabrous, without sclerotic granules. |
Seeds | yellow, flattened, 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, minutely pitted. |
yellow, flattened, 1.9–3 × 1.7–2.5 mm, minutely pitted. |
2n | = 24. |
= 72. |
Solanum donianum |
Solanum dimidiatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering Apr–Oct. |
Habitat | Seasides, hammocks, pine forests, limestone soils. | Prairies, woodlands, disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 0 m. (0 ft.) | 20–700(–2000) m. (100–2300(–6600) ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; s Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas); Central America (Belize, Guatemala)
|
AR; CA; IL; KS; LA; MO; NM; OK; SC; TX; Mexico (Nuevo León) [Introduced in Australia]
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Discussion | Solanum donianum is occasional in southern Florida. The oldest name for this species is S. verbascifolium Linnaeus, but it has been widely misapplied to S. erianthum and is now rejected. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Solanum dimidiatum is found mainly in the southcentral United States, with outlier populations in Illinois, Missouri, New Mexico, and South Carolina. The species is introduced in California, where it is considered a noxious weed by the California Department of Agriculture. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Solanaceae > Solanum | Solanaceae > Solanum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. blodgettii | S. torreyi |
Name authority | Walpers: Repert. Bot. Syst. 3: 54. (1844) | Rafinesque: Autik. Bot., 107. (1840) |
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