Flora of North America species comparison

perennial, prostrate to clambering, branching, slender, to 1 m, ± woody, densely woolly-pubescent, usually prickly (especially at base).

perennial, climbing or not, to 12 m, woody, glabrous;

prickles sometimes absent distally, bristlelike, 3–11 mm, flexible.

mostly evergreen, ± evenly disposed;

petiole 0.05–0.25 cm, often longer on sterile shoots;

blade gray-green, drying to ashy gray-green, obovate to ovate-lanceolate, with 3 prominent veins, 6–10.5 × 5–8 cm, glabrous adaxially, densely puberulent abaxially, base cordate to deeply notched, margins entire, apex bluntly pointed.

evergreen, ± evenly dispersed;

petiole 0.5–2 cm;

blade dull green, drying to dull, ashy green, ovate to broadly ovate, conspicuously veined, 4–11 × 3–8 cm, not glaucous, glabrous, base cordate to subcordate;

margins entire, thin, flat, not banded, never lobed;

apex acute, often apiculate.

1–7, axillary to leaves, 5–16-flowered, loose, spherical;

peduncle 0.2–0.8 cm, shorter than to 1.5 as long as petiole of subtending leaf.

axillary to distal leaves, (2–)8–13(–19)-flowered;

peduncle 2–5 cm, longer than petiole of subtending leaf.

perianth yellowish;

tepals 3–4 mm;

anthers much shorter than filaments;

ovule 1 per locule;

pedicel thin, 0.1–0.4 cm.

perianth green;

tepals 3–6 mm;

ovule 1 per locule;

pedicel thin, 1–1.5 cm.

red, ovoid, 5–8 mm, with acute beaks, not glaucous.

black, ovoid, 7–9 mm.