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downy carrionflower

carrion-flower, herbaceous Greenbriar, Jacob's lader, Jacob's-ladder, smilax herbacé, smooth carrionflower

Habit Herbs.
Stems

annual, climbing, branching, to 2.5 m, herbaceous, glabrous;

prickles absent.

annual, climbing, branching, to 2.5 m, herbaceous, glabrous;

prickles absent.

Leaves

evenly distributed;

petiole ± equaling blade;

tendrils numerous, long, functional;

blade lustrous, dark green abaxially, narrowly to broadly ovate, 8–16 × 3.5–9 cm, often with minute, whitish pubescence abaxially mostly on veins, with transparent trichomes, base cordate, margins entire, convex, apex long-acuminate;

leaves on branches with oblong, smaller blade.

petiole thin, 1–6 cm;

tendrils numerous, long, functional;

blade oblong-ovate, ovate, or round, 4.5–12 × 3–9 cm, glabrous abaxially, base cordate to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute;

proximal cauline leaves narrower and smaller.

Umbels

numerous, axillary to leaves, 10–35-flowered, globose;

peduncle equaling or shorter than subtending leaf.

many, axillary to leaves, 20–100+-flowered, globose;

peduncle to 30 cm, progressively shorter distally.

Flowers

perianth greenish;

tepals 3.5–5 mm;

anthers shorter than filaments, ovules (1–)2 per locule;

pedicel 0.5–2.2 cm.

perianth greenish, carrion-scented;

tepals 3.5–4.5 mm;

anthers much shorter than filaments;

ovules (1–)2 per locule;

pedicel 0.5–2 cm.

Berries

black, subglobose, 8–10 mm, not glaucous.

blue, subglobose, ca. 10 mm diam., glaucous.

Vines

.

2n

= 26.

= 26.

Smilax pulverulenta

Smilax herbacea

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Rich woods, thickets, usually in calcareous soils Higher elevations in rich woods, alluvial thickets, and meadows, often in calcareous soils
Elevation 0–900 m (0–3000 ft) 100–800 m (300–2600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; DC; DE; IL; IN; KY; MD; MN; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; GA; KY; MA; MD; ME; NC; NH; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; NB; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The distribution of Smilax pulverulenta is disjunct. The eastern distribution is centered in the mid-Atlantic United States, while the western distribution is centered in the Ozark Plateau of Missouri.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The leaves and habit of Smilax herbacea are quite variable.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 476. FNA vol. 26, p. 473.
Parent taxa Smilacaceae > Smilax Smilacaceae > Smilax
Sibling taxa
S. auriculata, S. biltmoreana, S. bona-nox, S. californica, S. ecirrata, S. glauca, S. havanensis, S. herbacea, S. hugeri, S. illinoensis, S. jamesii, S. lasioneura, S. laurifolia, S. pseudochina, S. pumila, S. rotundifolia, S. smallii, S. tamnoides, S. walteri
S. auriculata, S. biltmoreana, S. bona-nox, S. californica, S. ecirrata, S. glauca, S. havanensis, S. hugeri, S. illinoensis, S. jamesii, S. lasioneura, S. laurifolia, S. pseudochina, S. pulverulenta, S. pumila, S. rotundifolia, S. smallii, S. tamnoides, S. walteri
Synonyms S. herbacea var. pulverulenta Coprosmanthus herbaceus, Coprosmanthus peduncularis, Nemexia cerulea, Nemexia herbacea, Nemexia nigra, S. herbacea subsp. crispifolia, S. herbacea var. peduncularis, S. herbacea var. simsii, S. peduncularis
Name authority Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 238. (1803) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1030. (1753)
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