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downy carrionflower

Biltmore's carrionflower

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

annual, climbing, branching, to 2.5 m, herbaceous, glabrous;

prickles absent.

annual, erect, 0.2–0.6 m, herbaceous, glabrous, glaucous abaxially;

prickles absent.

Leaves

evenly distributed;

petiole ± equaling blade;

tendrils numerous, long, functional;

blade lustrous, dark green abaxially, narrowly to broadly ovate, 8–16 × 3.5–9 cm, often with minute, whitish pubescence abaxially mostly on veins, with transparent trichomes, base cordate, margins entire, convex, apex long-acuminate;

leaves on branches with oblong, smaller blade.

few, approximate distally;

tendrils absent;

blade ovate, 6–15 × 1.5–8 cm; glabrous and glaucous abaxially, base cordate, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate.

Umbels

numerous, axillary to leaves, 10–35-flowered, globose;

peduncle equaling or shorter than subtending leaf.

1–few, proximalmost axillary to leaves or bracts, few-flowered, open;

peduncle 5–10 cm.

Flowers

perianth greenish;

tepals 3.5–5 mm;

anthers shorter than filaments, ovules (1–)2 per locule;

pedicel 0.5–2.2 cm.

perianth greenish;

tepals 2.5–3.5 mm;

anthers longer than filaments;

ovules (1–)2 per locule;

pedicel slender, ca. 1 cm.

Berries

black, subglobose, 8–10 mm, not glaucous.

black to bluish black, globose, ca. 8 mm diam., not glaucous.

2n

= 26.

= 26.

Smilax pulverulenta

Smilax biltmoreana

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Rich woods, thickets, usually in calcareous soils Rich, open woods in ravines, along streams, and at bases of bluffs
Elevation 0–900 m (0–3000 ft) 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; DC; DE; IL; IN; KY; MD; MN; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; KY; NC; SC; VA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The distribution of Smilax pulverulenta is disjunct. The eastern distribution is centered in the mid-Atlantic United States, while the western distribution is centered in the Ozark Plateau of Missouri.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Smilax biltmoreana is distinguished by its ovate leaves with glabrous and glaucous abaxial surfaces.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 476. FNA vol. 26.
Parent taxa Smilacaceae > Smilax Smilacaceae > Smilax
Sibling taxa
S. auriculata, S. biltmoreana, S. bona-nox, S. californica, S. ecirrata, S. glauca, S. havanensis, S. herbacea, S. hugeri, S. illinoensis, S. jamesii, S. lasioneura, S. laurifolia, S. pseudochina, S. pumila, S. rotundifolia, S. smallii, S. tamnoides, S. walteri
S. auriculata, S. bona-nox, S. californica, S. ecirrata, S. glauca, S. havanensis, S. herbacea, S. hugeri, S. illinoensis, S. jamesii, S. lasioneura, S. laurifolia, S. pseudochina, S. pulverulenta, S. pumila, S. rotundifolia, S. smallii, S. tamnoides, S. walteri
Synonyms S. herbacea var. pulverulenta Nemexia biltmoreana, S. ecirrhata var. biltmoreana
Name authority Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 238. (1803) (Small) J. B. Norton ex Pennell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 413. (1916)
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