The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

candytuft, false candytuft, smelowskia

Smelowskia ovalis

alpine false candytuft, short-fruit smelowskia

Habit Plants cespitose, caudex well-developed, thick, often-branched, covered with persistent petiolar remains; not scapose; usually pubescent. Plants sometimes canescent basally; caudex branched.
Stems

erect to decumbent, unbranched or branched distally, densely pubescent.

several from base, unbranched or branched distally, 0.3–1.8 dm, trichomes simple, 0.3–0.6 mm, mixed with smaller, dendritic ones.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

basal rosulate, petiolate, blade margins usually 1- or 2-pinnatisect, rarely entire.

Basal leaves

petiole 1–6 cm, ciliate, trichomes simple;

blade obovate, ovate, suborbicular, or oblong in outline, (terminal segments obovate or oblong), 0.5–2.5 cm × 5–15 mm, (terminal segments 0.2–1 cm × 1.5–5 mm), margins pinnatisect or pinnatifid, apex obtuse or rounded.

Cauline leaves

shortly petiolate or sessile;

blade similar to basal, smaller distally.

Racemes

(corymbose, several-flowered), often considerably elongated in fruit.

elongated and dense in fruit.

Flowers

sepals (sometimes persistent), oblong [ovate];

petals spatulate to obovate or suborbicular, (longer than sepals), claw differentiated from blade, (apex rounded);

stamens slightly tetradynamous;

filaments often dilated basally;

anthers ovate or oblong, (apex obtuse);

nectar glands usually confluent, subtending bases of stamens, median glands present or not.

sepals (persistent), 2–2.5 mm;

petals usually white, rarely pinkish, spatulate to obovate, 3.5–4.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, narrowed to claw, 0.5–1.5 mm, apex rounded;

anthers oblong, 0.5–0.6 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending, spreading, suberect, or divaricate [recurved], slender.

suberect to ascending, (subappressed to rachis, often forming less than 40˚ angle), proximalmost sometimes bracteate, 3–10 mm, pubescent, trichomes simple (to 1 mm), mixed with smaller, dendritic ones.

Fruits

siliques or silicles, usually sessile, rarely shortly stipitate, linear, oblong, obovoid, ellipsoid, spatulate, oblanceolate, suboblong, or pyriform [fusiform, ovoid, suborbicular], smooth, 4-angled, angustiseptate, terete, or subterete [latiseptate];

valves each with prominent or obscure midvein, usually glabrous;

replum rounded;

septum complete or perforated;

ovules 4–18 per ovary;

stigma capitate.

suberect to ascending, ovoid to suboblong, terete or slightly flattened, 2–6 × 2–3 mm, base and apex obtuse;

valves each with obscure midvein;

ovules 4–8 per ovary;

style 0.2–1 mm.

Seeds

plump, not winged, usually oblong, rarely oblong-lanceolate;

seed coat (minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons incumbent or accumbent.

1–1.5 × 0.6–0.7 mm.

Smelowskia

Smelowskia ovalis

Phenology Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Loose talus, mica shist, alpine rock slides, rocky moraines, rock crevices
Elevation 1500-3400 m (4900-11200 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
North America; e Asia; c Asia
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 25 (7 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Smelowskia ovalis appears to be rare in Oregon, common at Mt. Lassen (Shasta County, California), and widespread at high elevations in Washington.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaves: blade margins entire, apically 3 or 5-toothed or -lobed, or palmately lobed
→ 2
1. Basal leaves: blade margins 1- or 2-pinnatisect or pinnatifid
→ 4
2. Basal leaves: blade margins deeply palmately (3 or) 5 (or 7)-lobed; fruiting pedicels secund; sepals usually persistent; fruits angustiseptate, (8-)12-28 × 4-8 mm; ovules 10-18 per ovary.
S. borealis
2. Basal leaves: blade margins entire or apically 3 or 5-toothed or -lobed; fruiting pedicels not secund; sepals caducous; fruits subterete or slightly 4-angled, 5-10 × 1.5-3 mm; ovules 4-8 per ovary
→ 3
3. Basal leaf blade surfaces densely silvery villous, trichomes mostly simple, 1-1.8 mm; petals lavender to purplish; fruiting pedicels 11-27 mm; fruit valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 4 per ovary; seeds 2.2-2.7 mm.
S. johnsonii
3. Basal leaf blade surfaces densely grayish tomentose, trichomes mostly dendritic with fewer simple ones, to 1 mm; petals white or creamy white; fruiting pedicels 4-12 mm; fruit valves each with prominent midvein; ovules 4-8 per ovary; seeds 1.5-2 mm.
S. porsildii
4. Sepals persistent; fruits 2-6 mm, bases obtuse, valves each with obscure midvein.
S. ovalis
4. Sepals caducous; fruits 5-13 mm, bases cuneate, valves each with prominent midvein
→ 5
5. Fruits pyriform, subterete, apices rounded; ovules 4 per ovary; seeds 2.5-3.2 × 1-1.5 mm.
S. pyriformis
5. Fruits fusiform, ellipsoid, oblong, or linear, 4-angled, apices cuneate; ovules 8-12 (-14) per ovary; seeds 1.1-2.2 × 0.6-1.1 mm
→ 6
6. Fruiting pedicels suberect to ascending, subappressed to rachises, forming less than 40˚ angle; seeds 1.1-1.9 × 0.6-0.9 mm; Alberta, British Columbia, Mountain and Pacific states.
S. americana
6. Fruiting pedicels usually spreading to divaricate, rarely divaricate-ascending, not appressed to rachises, often forming greater than 40˚ angle; seeds 1.7-2.2 × 0.9-1.1 mm; Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon.
S. media
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 671. Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz. FNA vol. 7, p. 674.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Smelowskieae Brassicaceae > tribe Smelowskieae > Smelowskia
Sibling taxa
S. americana, S. borealis, S. johnsonii, S. media, S. porsildii, S. pyriformis
Subordinate taxa
S. americana, S. borealis, S. johnsonii, S. media, S. ovalis, S. porsildii, S. pyriformis
Synonyms Acroschizocarpus, Ermania, Melanidion S. ovalis var. congesta
Name authority C. A. Meyer: in C. F. von Ledebour, Icon. Pl. 2: 17, plate 151. (1830) M. E. Jones: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, 5: 624. (1895)
Web links