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shortfruit hedgemustard

eastern rocket, eastern tumble-mustard, Indian hedge-mustard

Habit Annuals; (densely leafy throughout); often glabrous. Annuals; glabrous or pubescent.
Stems

(simple or few to several from base), erect or ascending to subprostrate, branched distally, 1–5(–7) dm, glabrous.

erect, branched distally, (1–)2–7(–8.5) dm, sparsely to densely (soft) pubescent at least basally, usually glabrous distally.

Basal leaves

(soon withered); initially rosulate;

petiole (1–)2–5(–6.5) cm;

blade oblanceolate to lanceolate (in outline), 2–7(–10) cm × 10–30(–45) mm, margins sinuate- or runcinate-pinnatifid to coarsely dentate;

lobes 3–6 on each side, often triangular, slightly smaller than terminal lobe, margins dentate or subentire.

rosulate;

petiole (1–)2–5(–9) cm;

blade broadly oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate (in outline), 3–8(–10) cm × (10–)20–40(–60) mm, margins runcinate-pinnatipartite;

lobes 2–5 on each side, oblong or lanceolate, much smaller than terminal lobe, margins subentire or dentate, (terminal lobe lanceolate, deltate, or often hastate).

Cauline leaves

(sometimes bracts, several), similar to basal, (shortly petiolate);

blade margins dentate or subentire, (surfaces glabrous or sparsely puberulent at and near margin). (Inflorescences 2–4(–6)-fasciculate, or flowers solitary and axillary, bracteate throughout.) Fruiting pedicels ascending to erect, stout, narrower than fruit base, 0.5–1(–2) mm.

similar to basal; (distalmost) blade with 1 or 2 lobes on each side, much smaller than terminal lobe, (terminal lobe narrowly lanceolate, linear, or hastate).

Flowers

sepals erect, oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm;

petals spatulate, 1.5–2 × 0.4–0.6 mm, claw 0.6–1 mm;

filaments (erect, yellowish), 1.2–1.7mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm.

sepals ascending, oblong, 3.5–5.5 × 1–2 mm;

petals spatulate, (6–)7–9(–10) × 2.5–4 mm, claw 3–5.5 mm;

filaments (4–)5–8 mm;

anthers oblong, 1–1.8 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to subdivaricate, stout, nearly as wide as fruit, 3–6 mm.

Fruits

(erect to ascending), subulate-linear, recurved, straight, slightly torulose, stout (widest at base), 1–2(–2.3) cm × 0.9–1.7 mm;

valves usually glabrous, rarely puberulent;

ovules 20–44(–54) per ovary;

style 0.5–1 mm;

stigma slightly 2-lobed.

narrowly linear, straight, smooth, stout, (5–)6–10(–13) cm × 1–1.5 mm;

valves glabrous or pubescent;

ovules (60–)80–100(–140) per ovary;

style (subclavate), 1–3(–4) mm;

stigma prominently 2-lobed.

Seeds

0.7–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm.

1–1.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm.

2n

= 28.

= 14.

Sisymbrium polyceratium

Sisymbrium orientale

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun. Flowering Mar-early Jun.
Habitat Waste grounds, disturbed sites, roadsides Waste grounds, roadsides, disturbed sites
Elevation 0-200 m (0-700 ft) 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
PA; TX; Europe; w Asia; c Asia; nw Africa [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; MA; NV; OR; TX; WA; BC; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Central America, South America, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 669. FNA vol. 7, p. 670.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Sisymbrieae > Sisymbrium Brassicaceae > tribe Sisymbrieae > Sisymbrium
Sibling taxa
S. altissimum, S. erysimoides, S. irio, S. linifolium, S. loeselii, S. officinale, S. orientale
S. altissimum, S. erysimoides, S. irio, S. linifolium, S. loeselii, S. officinale, S. polyceratium
Synonyms Chamaeplium polyceratium
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 658. (1753) Linnaeus: Cent. Pl. II, 24. (1756)
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