Sisymbrium officinale |
Sisymbrium orientale |
|
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common hedge-mustard, common tumble-mustard, hedge mustard |
eastern rocket, eastern tumble-mustard, Indian hedge-mustard |
|
Habit | Annuals; glabrous or pubescent. | Annuals; glabrous or pubescent. |
Stems | erect, branched distally, 2.5–7.5(–11) dm, usually sparsely to densely hirsute, (trichomes retrorse), rarely glabrate distally. |
erect, branched distally, (1–)2–7(–8.5) dm, sparsely to densely (soft) pubescent at least basally, usually glabrous distally. |
Basal leaves | usually rosulate; petiole (1–)2–7(–10) cm; blade broadly oblanceolate or oblong-obovate (in outline), (2–)3–10(–15) cm × (10–)20–50(–80) mm, margins lyrate-pinnatifid, pinnatisect, or runcinate; lobes (2)3 or 4(5) on each side, oblong or lanceolate, smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire, dentate, or lobed, (terminal lobe suborbicular or deltate, margins dentate). |
rosulate; petiole (1–)2–5(–9) cm; blade broadly oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate (in outline), 3–8(–10) cm × (10–)20–40(–60) mm, margins runcinate-pinnatipartite; lobes 2–5 on each side, oblong or lanceolate, much smaller than terminal lobe, margins subentire or dentate, (terminal lobe lanceolate, deltate, or often hastate). |
Cauline leaves | similar to basal; blade with lobe margins dentate or subentire. |
similar to basal; (distalmost) blade with 1 or 2 lobes on each side, much smaller than terminal lobe, (terminal lobe narrowly lanceolate, linear, or hastate). |
Flowers | sepals erect, oblong-ovate, 2–2.5 × ca. 1 mm; petals spatulate, 2.5–4 × 1–2 mm, claw 1–2 mm; filaments (erect, yellowish), 2–3 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals ascending, oblong, 3.5–5.5 × 1–2 mm; petals spatulate, (6–)7–9(–10) × 2.5–4 mm, claw 3–5.5 mm; filaments (4–)5–8 mm; anthers oblong, 1–1.8 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect, (appressed to rachis), stout, narrower than fruit, 1.5–3(–4) mm. |
ascending to subdivaricate, stout, nearly as wide as fruit, 3–6 mm. |
Fruits | (erect), subulate-linear, straight, slightly torulose or smooth, stout, (0.7–)1–1.4(–1.8) cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves glabrous or pubescent; ovules 10–20 per ovary; style (0.8–)1–1.5(–2) mm; stigma slightly 2-lobed. |
narrowly linear, straight, smooth, stout, (5–)6–10(–13) cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves glabrous or pubescent; ovules (60–)80–100(–140) per ovary; style (subclavate), 1–3(–4) mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed. |
Seeds | 1–1.3 × 0.5–0.6 mm. |
1–1.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Sisymbrium officinale |
Sisymbrium orientale |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr-late Sep. | Flowering Mar-early Jun. |
Habitat | Roadsides, fields, pastures, waste grounds, deserts | Waste grounds, roadsides, disturbed sites |
Elevation | 0-2200 m (0-7200 ft) | 0-1300 m (0-4300 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; YT; Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Central America, South America, Australia]
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AZ; CA; MA; NV; OR; TX; WA; BC; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Central America, South America, Australia]
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 670. | FNA vol. 7, p. 670. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Sisymbrieae > Sisymbrium | Brassicaceae > tribe Sisymbrieae > Sisymbrium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Erysimum officinale, S. officinale var. leiocarpum | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Scopoli: Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 26. (1772) | Linnaeus: Cent. Pl. II, 24. (1756) |
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