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London hedge-mustard, London rocket

false London rocket, Loesel's tumble-mustard, rocket, small tumblemustard, small tumbleweed mustard, tall hedge-mustard

Habit Annuals; glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Annuals; densely hispid at least proximally.
Stems

erect, branched proximally and distally, (1–)2–6(–7.5) dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least basally.

erect, branched distally, (2–)3.5–12(–17.5) dm, often densely hispid proximally, (trichomes retrorse), usually glabrous distally.

Basal leaves

not rosulate;

petiole (0.5–)1–4.5(–6) cm;

blade oblanceolate or oblong (in outline), (1.5–)3–12(–15) cm × (5–)10–60(–90) mm, margins runcinate to pinnatisect;

lobes (1–)2–6(–8) on each side, oblong or lanceolate, smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire, dentate, or lobed.

rosulate;

petiole 1–4(–5) cm;

blade broadly oblanceolate (in outline), (1.5–)2.5–8(–12) cm × (10–)20–50(–70) mm, margins runcinate to lyrate-pinnatifid;

lobes 2–4 on each side, much smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire or dentate, (terminal lobe triangular, often hastate).

Cauline leaves

similar to basal; (distalmost) blade (smaller, to 2 cm wide), margins entire or 1–3-lobed.

similar to basal;

blade (much smaller than basal, to 1.5 cm wide), margins entire or toothed.

Flowers

sepals erect, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm;

petals oblong-oblanceolate, 2.5–3.5(–4) × 1–1.5 mm, claw 1–1.5 mm;

filaments 2.5–4 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.5–0.9 mm.

sepals ascending, oblong, 3–4 × 1–1.5 mm;

petals spatulate, 6–8 × 2–3 mm, claw 2.5–3.5 mm;

filaments 3–4.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.6–1 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate or ascending, slender, much narrower than fruit, (5–)7–12(–20) mm.

divaricate or ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 5–12(–15) mm.

Fruits

(divaricate to ascending, young fruits overtopping flowers), narrowly linear, straight or slightly curved inward, slightly torulose, slender, (2.5–)3–4(–5) cm × 0.9–1.1 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 40–90 per ovary;

style 0.2–0.5 mm;

stigma prominently 2-lobed.

(ascending to suberect, young fruits not overtopping flowers), narrowly linear, curved or straight, subtorulose, slender, 2–3.5(–5) cm × 0.9–1.1 mm;

valves often glabrous;

ovules 40–60 per ovary;

style stout, 0.3–0.7 mm;

stigma prominently 2-lobed.

Seeds

0.8–1 × 0.5–0.6 mm.

0.7–1 × 0.5–0.6 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Sisymbrium irio

Sisymbrium loeselii

Phenology Flowering Dec–May. Flowering late May-early Nov.
Habitat Rocky slopes, orchards, roadsides, fields, pastures, waste grounds, prairies, disturbed sites Valleys, stream banks, fields, roadsides, pastures, waste grounds, vacant lots, prairies, disturbed sites, railroad tracks
Elevation 0-1700 m (0-5600 ft) 0-2400 m (0-7900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; CT; FL; ID; MA; MI; NM; NV; OH; PA; TX; UT; WY; Europe; w Asia; c Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MI; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; QC; SK; e Europe; w Asia; c Asia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 670. FNA vol. 7, p. 669.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Sisymbrieae > Sisymbrium Brassicaceae > tribe Sisymbrieae > Sisymbrium
Sibling taxa
S. altissimum, S. erysimoides, S. linifolium, S. loeselii, S. officinale, S. orientale, S. polyceratium
S. altissimum, S. erysimoides, S. irio, S. linifolium, S. officinale, S. orientale, S. polyceratium
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 659. (1753) Linnaeus: Cent. Pl. I, 18. (1755)
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