Silphium perfoliatum |
Silphium laciniatum |
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cup plant, cup-plant rosinweed |
compass plant |
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Habit | Plants caulescent, 75–300 cm; fibrous rooted. | Plants scapiform, (40–)100–300 cm; taprooted. | ||||
Stems | square, glabrous, hispid, or scabrous. |
terete, hirsute, hispid, or scabrous. |
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Leaves | basal caducous; cauline usually opposite, rarely whorled (in 3s), petiolate or sessile; blades deltate, lanceolate, or ovate, 2–41 × 0.5–24 cm, bases attenuate or truncate (distal connate-perfoliate), margins entire, dentate, or bidentate, apices acuminate to acute, faces scabrous to hispid. |
basal persistent, petiolate or sessile; cauline petiolate or sessile; blades lanceolate, linear, ovate, or rhombic, 4–60 × 1–30 cm, usually (proximal) 1–2-pinnately lobed, bases attenuate to truncate, ultimate margins unevenly toothed or entire, apices acute, faces hirsute, hispid, or scabrous. |
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Ray florets | 17–35; corollas yellow. |
27–38; corollas yellow. |
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Disc florets | 85–150 (–200); corollas yellow. |
100–275; corollas yellow. |
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Phyllaries | 25–37 in 2–3 series, outer appressed, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces scabrous or hispid. |
25–45 in 2–3 series, outer reflexed or appressed, apices acuminate to caudate, abaxial faces hispid to scabrous, ± stipitate-glandular. |
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Cypselae | 8–12 × 5–9 mm; pappi 0.5–1.5 mm. |
10–18 × 6–12 mm; pappi 1–3 mm. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Silphium perfoliatum |
Silphium laciniatum |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall. | |||||
Habitat | Prairies, open, disturbed sites | |||||
Elevation | 50–600 m (200–2000 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON
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AL; AR; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MI; MN; MO; MS; NE; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; WI; ON
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 79. | FNA vol. 21, p. 78. | ||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Silphium | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Silphium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | S. laciniatum var. robinsonii | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1232. (1759) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 919. (1753) | ||||
Web links |