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cup plant, cup-plant rosinweed

white rosinweed

Habit Plants caulescent, 75–300 cm; fibrous rooted. Plants scapiform, 20–75 cm; taprooted.
Stems

square, glabrous, hispid, or scabrous.

terete, glabrous, hirsute, hispid, or scabrous.

Leaves

basal caducous;

cauline usually opposite, rarely whorled (in 3s), petiolate or sessile;

blades deltate, lanceolate, or ovate, 2–41 × 0.5–24 cm, bases attenuate or truncate (distal connate-perfoliate), margins entire, dentate, or bidentate, apices acuminate to acute, faces scabrous to hispid.

basal persistent, petiolate;

cauline usually alternate, rarely subopposite, petiolate or sessile;

blades deltate, elliptic, linear, ovate, or rhombic, 2–40 × 1.5–26 cm, sometimes (proximal) 1–2-pinnately lobed, bases attenuate, cuneate, or truncate, ultimate margins unevenly toothed or entire (distal blades), apices acuminate to apiculate, faces scabrous to hirsute.

Ray florets

17–35;

corollas yellow.

14–30;

corollas white.

Disc florets

85–150 (–200);

corollas yellow.

70–130;

corollas white.

Phyllaries

25–37 in 2–3 series, outer appressed, apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces scabrous or hispid.

23–36 in 2–3 series, outer reflexed, apices acuminate, abaxial faces hispid.

Cypselae

8–12 × 5–9 mm;

pappi 0.5–1.5 mm.

12–26 × 7–12 mm;

pappi 2–5 mm.

Silphium perfoliatum

Silphium albiflorum

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Prairies, open fields, calcareous soils
Elevation 100–500 m (300–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON
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from FNA
TX
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems glabrous or sparsely scabrous; peduncles glabrous
var. connatum
1. Stems glabrous, hispid, or scabrous; peduncles usually scabrous to hispid
var. perfoliatum
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 79. FNA vol. 21, p. 78.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Silphium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Silphium
Sibling taxa
S. albiflorum, S. asteriscus, S. brachiatum, S. compositum, S. glutinosum, S. integrifolium, S. laciniatum, S. mohrii, S. radula, S. terebinthinaceum, S. wasiotense
S. asteriscus, S. brachiatum, S. compositum, S. glutinosum, S. integrifolium, S. laciniatum, S. mohrii, S. perfoliatum, S. radula, S. terebinthinaceum, S. wasiotense
Subordinate taxa
S. perfoliatum var. connatum, S. perfoliatum var. perfoliatum
Name authority Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1232. (1759) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 4. (1883)
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