Silene gallica |
Silene subciliata |
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common catchfly, silène de france, small-flower catchfly, windmill campion, windmill pink |
Louisiana catchfly, prairie-fire pink, scarlet catchfly |
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Habit | Plants annual; taproot slender. | Plants perennial; taproot thick; caudex branched. |
Stems | erect, branched, rarely simple, 15–45 cm, with long, often crinkled hairs mixed with short pubescence, viscid-glandular distally. |
erect, scarcely branched, 20–100 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | 2 per node, blade with coarse, ascending, scabrous pubescence on both surfaces; basal few, withering, blade oblanceolate to spatulate-petiolate, 0.5–5 cm × 3–15 mm; cauline blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, 1–7 cm × 1–15 mm, apex obtuse or shortly acuminate to acute. |
blade linear to narrowly oblanceolate, 3–16 cm × 3–12 mm, ± fleshy, base tapering into short petiole, apex acute, glabrous except for few cilia at base. |
Inflorescences | open, with racemose branches, internodes and bracts usually ca. equaling fruiting calyx, 1–5 mm, longer proximally. |
cymose, terminal and axillary, elongate, 1–3-flowered, open, bracteate, bracteolate, pedunculate; peduncle slender, 2–10 cm; bracts and bracteoles much-reduced, linear-lanceolate, often ciliate. |
Pedicels | slender, 2–10 cm. |
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Flowers | 5–8 mm diam.; calyx prominently 10-veined, narrowly tubular-ovoid in flower, ovoid in fruit, constricted at mouth, 7–10 × 3–5 mm, membranous between veins, margins dentate, hispid, hairs ca. 2 mm, veins parallel, lobes lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm, apex greenish purple, acute; petals white or pink, often with dark spot or dark pink throughout, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb elliptic to obovate, lobed or unlobed, to 6 mm, appendages 2, oblong to narrowly lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm; stamens equaling or shorter than calyx; stigmas 3, included in calyx. |
calyx tubular, 17–22 × 4–5 mm in flower, broadening to 7 mm in fruit but contracted around carpophore, glabrous, lobes lanceolate, 3–4 mm, margins membranous and ciliate near broad, obtuse apex; corolla scarlet, 2–21/2 times longer than calyx, limb lanceolate, narrowed into claw, 4–5 mm wide, margins entire or shallowly dentate, appendages linear, 4–5 mm; stamens exserted; styles 3, exserted. |
Capsules | equaling calyx, opening with 6 recurved, narrowly triangular teeth; carpophore shorter than 1 mm, pubescent. |
clavate, equaling calyx, opening by 6 teeth; carpophore 3–4 mm. |
Seeds | dark reddish brown, reniform, angular with concave, radially ridged faces, broad outer edge transversely ridged and verrucose, ca. 0.5 mm broad. |
brown, broadly reniform, 2–2.3 mm, rugose. |
2n | = 24. |
= 48. |
Silene gallica |
Silene subciliata |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering late summer–fall. |
Habitat | Dry, open places, sandy and gravelly ground, roadsides, waste land | Sandy soil, open woodlands, river banks |
Elevation | 0-2000 m [0-6600 ft] | 10-200 m [30-700 ft] |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AZ; CA; FL; ID; LA; MA; ME; MO; MS; NC; NH; NY; OR; PA; RI; SC; TX; WA; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced worldwide]
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LA; TX
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Discussion | Silene subciliata, a very rare species, is closely related to S. laciniata and S. virginica but is readily distinguished by its subglabrous stems and leaves and by having unlobed petals. Silene subciliata is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 185. | FNA vol. 5, p. 208. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. anglica, S. quinquevulnera | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 417. (1753) | B. L. Robinson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 29: 327. (1894) |
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