Silene gallica |
Silene coronaria |
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common catchfly, silène de france, small-flower catchfly, windmill campion, windmill pink |
dusty-miller, lychnide coronaire, mullein pink, rose campion |
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Habit | Plants annual; taproot slender. | Plants perennial, grayish white-tomentose, eglandular; taproot slender to stout; caudex branched, slightly woody. |
Stems | erect, branched, rarely simple, 15–45 cm, with long, often crinkled hairs mixed with short pubescence, viscid-glandular distally. |
several, erect, branched distally, stout, 40–100 cm. |
Leaves | 2 per node, blade with coarse, ascending, scabrous pubescence on both surfaces; basal few, withering, blade oblanceolate to spatulate-petiolate, 0.5–5 cm × 3–15 mm; cauline blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, 1–7 cm × 1–15 mm, apex obtuse or shortly acuminate to acute. |
basal blade oblanceolate, spatulate, 5–10 cm × 10–25(–30) mm, margins entire, apex acute, apiculate, with tuft of white hairs; cauline in 5–10 pairs, sessile, reduced distally, blade with both surfaces obscured by dense, silky, grayish-white tomentum. |
Inflorescences | open, with racemose branches, internodes and bracts usually ca. equaling fruiting calyx, 1–5 mm, longer proximally. |
with 1–several dichotomies, several-flowered, open, bracteate; branches ascending, elongate; bracts leaflike, 10–20 mm. |
Pedicels | straight, stout, to 10 cm. |
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Flowers | 5–8 mm diam.; calyx prominently 10-veined, narrowly tubular-ovoid in flower, ovoid in fruit, constricted at mouth, 7–10 × 3–5 mm, membranous between veins, margins dentate, hispid, hairs ca. 2 mm, veins parallel, lobes lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm, apex greenish purple, acute; petals white or pink, often with dark spot or dark pink throughout, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb elliptic to obovate, lobed or unlobed, to 6 mm, appendages 2, oblong to narrowly lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm; stamens equaling or shorter than calyx; stigmas 3, included in calyx. |
ca. 35 mm; calyx thickly 10-veined, obovate, ca. 15 × 10 mm in fruit, margins dentate with 5 narrowly lanceolate lobes ca. 1/4 length of tube, tomentose; corolla rich magenta-pink, sometimes white, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb spreading horizontally, broadly obovate, shallowly 2-lobed, appendages 2, narrow, 2–4 mm; stamens equaling claw; stigmas 5, equaling claw. |
Capsules | equaling calyx, opening with 6 recurved, narrowly triangular teeth; carpophore shorter than 1 mm, pubescent. |
equaling to tightly enclosed within calyx, obovate-elliptic, ca. 14 mm, opening by 5 spreading, lanceolate teeth; carpophore ca. 2 mm. |
Seeds | dark reddish brown, reniform, angular with concave, radially ridged faces, broad outer edge transversely ridged and verrucose, ca. 0.5 mm broad. |
grayish brown, reniform-rotund, plump, 1–1.5 mm, coarsely verrucate. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
Silene gallica |
Silene coronaria |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Dry, open places, sandy and gravelly ground, roadsides, waste land | Roadsides, fields, waste or rocky places |
Elevation | 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AZ; CA; FL; ID; LA; MA; ME; MO; MS; NC; NH; NY; OR; PA; RI; SC; TX; WA; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced worldwide]
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AL; AR; CA; CT; ID; IL; IN; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Silene coronaria is commonly cultivated and occasionally escapes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 185. | FNA vol. 5, p. 180. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. anglica, S. quinquevulnera | Agrostemma coronaria, Lychnis coronaria |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 417. (1753) | (Linnaeus) Clairville: Man. Herbor. Suisse, 145. (1811) |
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