Silene csereii |
Silene hookeri |
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Balkan campion, Balkan catchfly, biennial campion, silène bisannuel |
Hooker's campion, Hooker's catchfly, Hooker's Indian pink, Hooker's silene |
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Habit | Plants annual or biennial, glabrous and somewhat glaucous; tap-root stout. | Herbs, perennial; caudex much-branched, thick and woody. | ||||
Stems | erect, sparingly branched below inflorescence, robust, to 65 cm. |
solitary or numerous, decumbent and rooting at base, becoming erect, 5–14(–25) cm, with gray, soft, curly to retrorsely crispate pubescence, rarely glandular. |
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Leaves | basal few, usually withering by time of anthesis, blade spatulate; cauline numerous, 2 per node, blade 1-veined, ovate-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 3–7 cm × 7–30 mm, margins entire, apex acute. |
blade spatulate or narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, sometimes broadly so, 4–7(–10) cm × 8–12(–20) mm, reduced toward base, apex acute, pubescent on both surfaces, especially on midrib; subterranean bractlike, papery. |
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Inflorescences | many-flowered, open, bracteate; primary branches racemose, elongate, with sessile or shortly pedunculate cymes of 1–6 flowers per node; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 3–12 mm, hyaline-margined, apex acute. |
reduced to single, terminal flower or open, (1–)3–5(–9)-flowered cyme, bracteate; bracts leaflike, reduced distally to ca. 1 cm. |
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Pedicels | ascending, ± straight, 1–2 times calyx, broadening at calyx base. |
ascending, straight, 1–6 cm, with a short canescence. |
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Flowers | calyx often obscurely ca. 20-veined, elliptic, abruptly contracted at base, opening constricted to 1/2 its diam., slightly inflated in flower, 7–10 × 3–4 mm, in fruit tightly enveloping capsule, ovoid, thin, enlarging to 9–13 × 5–7 mm, herbaceous, margins narrow, membranous, dentate with broadly triangular lobes to 1 mm, glabrous, veins obscure, usually purple tinged, without conspicuous, pale commissures, longitudinal, parallel, not obviously reticulate; petals white, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb deeply 2-fid into 2 spatulate lobes, to 5 mm, appendages ca. 0.5 mm; stamens exserted, to 2 times length of calyx; filaments usually dark purple; stigmas 3, exserted, to 2 times length of calyx. |
calyx 10-veined, broadly tubular in flower, 12–25 5–8 mm, turbinate in fruit and swelling in middle to ca. 10 mm broad, canescent, rarely sparsely pubescent or glandular; lobes lanceolate, 4–7 mm, with narrow, membranous margins, apex acute; corolla coral pink or white, clawed, claw equaling calyx; limb 4-lobed, usually deeply so, rarely 2-lobed with smaller lateral teeth, lobes 7–22 mm, appendages 2, linear, 1.5–3.5 mm (absent in subsp. bolanderi); stamens slightly longer than corolla claw; stigmas 3, slightly longer than corolla claw. |
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Capsules | ovoid, equaling calyx and sometimes splitting it, opening by 6 recurved, narrowly lanceolate teeth; carpophore ca. 1 mm. |
ovoid to oblong, equaling calyx, dehiscing by 6 teeth; carpophore 2–5 mm. |
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Seeds | grayish brown, plump, broadly reniform, 0.6–1 mm, with concentric rings of papillae; papillae slightly longer than broad. |
dark brown to black, reniform, ca. 2 mm broad, with concentric rings of small papillae. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Silene csereii |
Silene hookeri |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | |||||
Habitat | Cultivated fields, roadsides, waste land | |||||
Elevation | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NH; NY; OH; PA; SD; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Often confused with Silene vulgaris, S. csereii may be readily separated by the long, racemose primary branches of its inflorescence, the elliptic calyx that is constricted at both ends, tightly enclosing the capsule and lacking obvious reticulate venation, and the purple filaments. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 180. | FNA vol. 5, p. 186. | ||||
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Baumgarten: Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 345. (1816) | Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 193. (1838) | ||||
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