Flora of North America species comparison

erect, 5–40 cm, softly pubescent to scabrous, eglandular or viscid-glandular, especially distally, very rarely glabrous, with several pairs of leaves equaling or shorter than internodes.

usually several–many, rarely 1, erect, leafy, 10–55 cm, base often decumbent with marcescent leaf bases, scabrous-puberulent to pubescent, usually ± viscid-glandular distally, rarely densely so.

sessile, or basal with short pseudopetiole;

blade linear to lanceolate or broadly ovate, base round to cuneate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, puberulent on both surfaces, sometimes glandular.

2 per node;

basal petiolate, blade linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3–10 cm × 2–13 mm (including petiole), apex acute, glabrous to scabrous-puberulent or softly pubescent, petiole often ciliate;

cauline sessile or petiolate, connate proximally, reduced distally, blade linear to narrowly lanceolate, 2–10 cm × 2–8 mm.

usually with single dichotomy, rarely double, open, bracteate, branches often elongate, flowers 1 per node;

bracts foliaceous.

cymose with elongate ascending branches, open, flowers (1–)3 to many, bracteate, bracteolate;

bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, 3–20 mm, apex acuminate.

sharply reflexed at base, especially after anthesis, equaling calyx.

1/4–3 times longer than calyx, scabrous-puberulous to pubescent and glandular, ± viscid.

nodding;

calyx obscurely 10-veined, broadly campanulate, lobed, 6–8 mm, enlarging to 13–16 mm in fruit, herbaceous, usually with short, dense pubescence throughout, often glandular-viscid, veins green, rarely purplish tinged, conspicuous pale commissures absent;

lobes ovate-triangular, 1/2 to equaling tube, herbaceous;

petals creamy white, often greenish abaxially, rarely pink tinged to dusky pink (subsp. campanulata), clawed, to 2 times calyx, claw villose, limb deeply divided and fan-shaped with many narrow, linear lobes, lobes rapidly curling, margins deeply divided or erose, appendages 2–4, to 2 mm;

stamens exserted;

filaments hairy at base;

styles 3, to 2 times calyx.

calyx prominently 10-veined, tubular in flower, ± clavate and contracted around carpophore in fruit, 10–14 × 4–6 mm, margins dentate, veins parallel, green (rarely purplish), with pale commissures, lobes ascending, lanceolate, 2–3 mm, margins usually with obtuse, membranous border, apex spreading, shortly glandular-pubescent, usually viscid;

corolla off-white (greenish) to dusky pink, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb obovate, 2-lobed, 3–7 mm, shorter than claw, rarely with small lateral teeth, appendages 2, usually lacerate, 1–2 mm;

stamens ca. equaling petals;

styles 3(–4), often much longer than petals.

ovoid, ca. equaling calyx and often splitting it, opening by 6 broadly triangular teeth;

carpophore 1–2.5 mm.

ovoid-ellipsoid, slightly longer than calyx, opening by 6 (or 8) recurved teeth;

carpophore 2–5 mm.

brown, reniform, 2–2.5 mm broad, coarsely and ± evenly papillate;

papillae ca. as long as broad.

dark reddish brown to black, reniform, ca. 1.5 mm, papillate, with larger papillae around margins.

= 48.