Sideroxylon celastrinum |
Sideroxylon thornei |
|
---|---|---|
bumelia, coma, saffron plum |
Georgia bully, swamp buckthorn |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, to 10 m. Stems armed, villous, glabrescent. | Shrubs or trees, to 6 m. Stems armed, glabrate to villous, glabrescent. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 1–6.5 mm, glabrous; blade (dark green adaxially), broadly elliptic, obovate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 6–38 × 3–23 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins plane, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, tertiary and smaller veins not prominent (inconspicuously reticulate), midrib flat, marginal vein present. |
deciduous; petiole 2.5–7 mm, villous (hairs tawny); blade (dull to lustrous adaxially), elliptic to oblanceolate or ovate, 16–76 × 10–54 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins plane, apex usually rounded to obtuse, sometimes retuse, abaxial surface villous, especially along midrib (hairs tawny, sometimes reddish brown), venation visible, adaxial surface glabrous or glabrate, midrib flat, marginal vein absent. |
Inflorescences | 4–12-flowered. |
3–8-flowered. |
Pedicels | 3–6 mm, glabrous. |
4.5–8 mm, glabrous or glabrate. |
Flowers | calyx 1.8–3 mm diam.; sepals 5, 1.7–3 × 0.9–1.9 mm, glabrous; petals 5(–6), white to yellowish, median segment elliptic, 1.9–2.3 mm, lateral segments lanceolate, 1.3–2.3 mm; stamens 5(–6), 2.2–2.9 mm; staminodes lanceolate, 1.7–2.1 mm, minutely erose; anthers lanceolate, 0.7–1 mm; pistil 5-carpellate; ovary 5-locular, 0.9–1.3 mm, hirsute to strigose basally; style 2.2–2.8 mm. |
calyx 2.1–2.7 mm diam.; sepals 5, 1.4–1.8 × 1.3–1.5 mm, glabrous or villous; petals 5, white, median segment ovate to obovate, 1.5–1.9 mm, lateral segments lanceolate, 1.5–1.8 mm; stamens 5, 1.1–1.3 mm; staminodes deltate to ovate, 1.9–2.5 mm, erose; anthers sagittate, 0.7–1.5 mm; pistil 5-carpellate; ovary 5-locular, 1–1.4 mm, hairy; style 0.8–1 mm. |
Berries | purple to purplish black, ellipsoid, 8–12 mm, glabrous. |
purplish black, subglobose, 8–11 mm, glabrous or glabrate. |
Seeds | 6–11 mm. |
6.5–8 mm. |
Sideroxylon celastrinum |
Sideroxylon thornei |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Scrub thickets, coastal marshes and hammocks | Low flatwoods, stream margins, floodplains, hammocks, and wetlands, often bordering cypress ponds and swamps |
Elevation | 0-100[-900] m (0-300[-3000] ft) | 10-80 m (0-300 ft) |
Distribution |
FL; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
|
AL; FL; GA |
Discussion | Sideroxylon celastrinum is widespread in the Neotropics. It differs from other North American species of the genus by its glabrous twigs, leaves, pedicels, and sepals, and its narrowly ellipsoid fruits. The fruits are edible (T. D. Pennington 1990). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. A. Cronquist (1949) hypothesized that Sideroxylon thornei is a hybrid between S. lanuginosum and S. reclinatum, a view repeated by T. D. Pennington (1990). The distinctive stomatal rims and cuticular patterns of S. thornei indicated to L. C. Anderson (1996) that the species is not of hybrid origin. Collections obtained since its description demonstrated greater variation in leaf size and shape, and a larger number of populations in the area where Alabama, Florida, and Georgia converge. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 238. | FNA vol. 8, p. 243. |
Parent taxa | Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon | Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bumelia celastrina, Bumelia angustifolia, Bumelia celastrina var. angustifolia | Bumelia thornei |
Name authority | (Kunth) T. D. Pennington: in Organization for Flora Neotropica, Fl. Neotrop. 52: 123. (1990) | (Cronquist) T. D. Pennington: in Organization for Flora Neotropica, Fl. Neotrop. 52: 170. 1990 , |
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