Sideroxylon celastrinum |
Sideroxylon reclinatum |
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bumelia, coma, saffron plum |
Florida bully |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, to 10 m. Stems armed, villous, glabrescent. | Shrubs or trees, to 5 m. Stems armed, glabrous, glabrate, or strigose. | ||||
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 1–6.5 mm, glabrous; blade (dark green adaxially), broadly elliptic, obovate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 6–38 × 3–23 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins plane, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, tertiary and smaller veins not prominent (inconspicuously reticulate), midrib flat, marginal vein present. |
deciduous or persistent; petiole 1.5–6 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes hairy at base; blade (lustrous dark green adaxially), broadly elliptic, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 9–52 × 3.5–25 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins plane, apex rounded to obtuse, sometimes retuse, abaxial surface glabrous or sparsely villous along midrib or villous across blade (hairs tawny), venation visible, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely villous along midrib, midrib flat, marginal vein absent. |
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Inflorescences | 4–12-flowered. |
4–20-flowered. |
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Pedicels | 3–6 mm, glabrous. |
2–16 mm, usually glabrous, rarely strigose. |
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Flowers | calyx 1.8–3 mm diam.; sepals 5, 1.7–3 × 0.9–1.9 mm, glabrous; petals 5(–6), white to yellowish, median segment elliptic, 1.9–2.3 mm, lateral segments lanceolate, 1.3–2.3 mm; stamens 5(–6), 2.2–2.9 mm; staminodes lanceolate, 1.7–2.1 mm, minutely erose; anthers lanceolate, 0.7–1 mm; pistil 5-carpellate; ovary 5-locular, 0.9–1.3 mm, hirsute to strigose basally; style 2.2–2.8 mm. |
calyx 1.5–2.4 mm diam.; sepals 5(–6), 1.4–2.1 × 1–1.3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely strigose; petals 5, white, median segment broadly ovate, 1.1–1.3 mm, lateral segments lanceolate to falcate, 1.1–1.3 mm; stamens 5, 2.3–2.7 mm; staminodes broadly lanceolate, 1.1–1.3 mm, erose; anthers lanceolate to sagittate, 0.9–1.2 mm; pistil (4–)5-carpellate; ovary (4–)5-locular, 1–1.3 mm, sparsely to densely strigose; style 0.7–1.2 mm. |
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Berries | purple to purplish black, ellipsoid, 8–12 mm, glabrous. |
purplish black, ellipsoid to subglobose, 4–9 mm, glabrous or glabrate. |
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Seeds | 6–11 mm. |
3–7 mm. |
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Sideroxylon celastrinum |
Sideroxylon reclinatum |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | |||||
Habitat | Scrub thickets, coastal marshes and hammocks | |||||
Elevation | 0-100[-900] m (0-300[-3000] ft) | |||||
Distribution |
FL; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC
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Discussion | Sideroxylon celastrinum is widespread in the Neotropics. It differs from other North American species of the genus by its glabrous twigs, leaves, pedicels, and sepals, and its narrowly ellipsoid fruits. The fruits are edible (T. D. Pennington 1990). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Except for its treatment as a variety of Bumelia lycioides, Sideroxylon reclinatum generally has been recognized at the rank of species. Its distinctive characteristics are shrubby habit, twigs with thorns, conspicuously reticulate leaves, glabrous or sparsely villous (subsp. reclinatum), or villous (subsp. austrofloridense) abaxial leaf surfaces, white to tawny hairs, and comparatively small fruits. Because of polymorphism in twig indument, the extent of indument on abaxial leaf surfaces, hair density of sepals and pistils, and fruit size, two or three infraspecific taxa have been recognized commonly (R. D. Whetstone 1985). Although var. or subsp. rufotomentosum previously has been included in B. reticulata, S. rufohirtum (= B. rufotomentosa) is treated as a species here (see discussion under S. rufohirtum). We recognize two subspecies within S. reclinatum differentiated by the extent of indument on abaxial leaf surfaces. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 238. | FNA vol. 8, p. 241. | ||||
Parent taxa | Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon | Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Bumelia celastrina, Bumelia angustifolia, Bumelia celastrina var. angustifolia | Bumelia lycioides var. reclinata, Bumelia reclinata | ||||
Name authority | (Kunth) T. D. Pennington: in Organization for Flora Neotropica, Fl. Neotrop. 52: 123. (1990) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 122. 1803 , | ||||
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