Sideroxylon celastrinum |
Sideroxylon foetidissimum |
|
---|---|---|
bumelia, coma, saffron plum |
false mastic |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, to 10 m. Stems armed, villous, glabrescent. | Trees, to 25 m. Stems not armed, glabrous. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 1–6.5 mm, glabrous; blade (dark green adaxially), broadly elliptic, obovate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 6–38 × 3–23 mm, base attenuate to cuneate, margins plane, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, tertiary and smaller veins not prominent (inconspicuously reticulate), midrib flat, marginal vein present. |
deciduous; petiole 14–51 mm, glabrous; blade (yellow-green abaxially, lustrous dark green adaxially), elliptic to oblanceolate, 51–117 × 23–63 mm, base rounded, obtuse, or acute, margins slightly involute, undulate, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous; venation visible, midrib sunken, marginal vein present. |
Inflorescences | 4–12-flowered. |
6–12-flowered. |
Pedicels | 3–6 mm, glabrous. |
4–10 mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | calyx 1.8–3 mm diam.; sepals 5, 1.7–3 × 0.9–1.9 mm, glabrous; petals 5(–6), white to yellowish, median segment elliptic, 1.9–2.3 mm, lateral segments lanceolate, 1.3–2.3 mm; stamens 5(–6), 2.2–2.9 mm; staminodes lanceolate, 1.7–2.1 mm, minutely erose; anthers lanceolate, 0.7–1 mm; pistil 5-carpellate; ovary 5-locular, 0.9–1.3 mm, hirsute to strigose basally; style 2.2–2.8 mm. |
calyx 4–5 mm diam.; sepals 5, 1.7–1.9 × 1.2–1.7 mm, glabrous abaxially; petals 5, yellow, median segment elliptic to ovate, 1.8–2.5 mm, (lobed basally), lateral segments vestigial or absent; stamens 5–6, 2.8–3.9 mm; staminodes lanceolate, 1–2 mm, erose or toothed; anthers lanceolate, 1.3–1.7 mm; pistil (4–)5(–6)-carpellate; ovary (4–)5(–6)-locular, 1.2–1.4 mm, glabrous; style 1.4–2 mm. |
Berries | purple to purplish black, ellipsoid, 8–12 mm, glabrous. |
yellow to orange, ellipsoid, [15–]17–21[–26] mm, glabrous. |
Seeds | 6–11 mm. |
13–20 mm. |
Sideroxylon celastrinum |
Sideroxylon foetidissimum |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Scrub thickets, coastal marshes and hammocks | Coastal hammocks |
Elevation | 0-100[-900] m (0-300[-3000] ft) | 0-50 [-600] m (0-200 [-2000] ft) |
Distribution |
FL; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
|
FL; Mexico; West Indies; Central America (Belize, Guatemala) |
Discussion | Sideroxylon celastrinum is widespread in the Neotropics. It differs from other North American species of the genus by its glabrous twigs, leaves, pedicels, and sepals, and its narrowly ellipsoid fruits. The fruits are edible (T. D. Pennington 1990). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Based on corolla lobes that lack lateral segments, seeds with endosperm, and embryos with a vertical orientation, Sideroxylon foetidissimum has been treated as the only North American species in Mastichodendron (A. Cronquist 1945b). It is readily identified among our species because it has unarmed twigs, relatively long petioles, glabrous and lustrous leaves, and yellow corollas and fruits. It is neotropical and occurs in the flora area only in coastal Florida. Our plants belong to subsp. foetidissimum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 238. | FNA vol. 8, p. 239. |
Parent taxa | Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon | Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bumelia celastrina, Bumelia angustifolia, Bumelia celastrina var. angustifolia | Mastichodendron foetidissimum, S. mastichodendron |
Name authority | (Kunth) T. D. Pennington: in Organization for Flora Neotropica, Fl. Neotrop. 52: 123. (1990) | Jacquin: Enum. Syst. Pl., 15. 1760 , |
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