Sidalcea neomexicana |
Sidalcea celata |
|
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mountain sidalcea, New Mexico checkerbloom, New Mexico checkermallow, New Mexico or salt-spring checkerbloom, Rocky Mountain checkerbloom, salt spring checkerbloom |
dwarf checkerbloom, Redding checkerbloom |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.2–0.8(–1.2) m, glaucous or not, with thick, fleshy, tuberous or fibrous taproot and other roots clustered, fleshy, without caudex and rhizomes. | Herbs, perennial, 0.4–0.8(–1) m, sometimes glaucous, with caudex and thick, woody rootstocks, not freely rooting, without rhizomes. |
Stems | 1–several, clustered, erect or ascending from slightly decumbent base, unbranched or branched, solid, infrequently hollow in robust plants, sometimes glaucous, proximally usually coarsely, densely to moderately bristly-hirsute, hairs often pustulose to sparsely stellate-hairy, sometimes glabrous, distally usually minutely puberulent or glabrous. |
mostly single, usually erect, sometimes branched distally, solid (sometimes hollow in older, robust plants), sometimes glaucous, proximally densely bristly-hairy, hairs reflexed, stiff, simple, sometimes also coarse, 2–3-rayed, stellate, 1–1.6(–2.5) mm, pustulate, sparser distally, with minute, stellate hairs in inflorescence. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, cauline 3+; stipules linear to wide-lanceolate, 4–8 × 1–2 mm; petioles of proximalmost leaves 10–25 cm, reduced distally to shorter than blade, to 5 times blade length; blade fleshy, margins often short-ciliate, surfaces sparsely hairy, less so adaxially, hairs simple-hirsute to stellate, appressed, basal orbiculate, unlobed, margins crenate, or shallowly 5–7(–9)-lobed, (1.5–) 2–6(–8) × (1.5–)2–6(–8) cm, base cordate, apex rounded, lobes with margins crenate to dentate, apex acute, distal cauline highly reduced or not, deeply, palmately (3–)5–7(–9)-lobed, smaller, ultimate divisions linear, margins entire. |
mostly basal, some cauline; stipules usually early-deciduous, linear-lanceolate, 3–7 × 1 mm; proximal petioles 15–18 cm, 3–4 times as long as blade, distal usually to 1/2 times to as long as blade; blades: basal rounded, usually palmately 7-lobed, shallowly incised, 4–8 × 4–8 cm, lobes 1.5–2 cm wide, margins crenate-dentate, 3–7-toothed, apices obtuse; distal 3–10, palmately 5-lobed, deeply incised, 2–6 × 2–6 cm, lobes narrow, linear, 2–3.5 × 2–4 mm, margins entire or 1–5-toothed, surfaces: abaxial stellate-hairy, hairs 6-rayed, 1.5 mm, adaxial hairy, hairs simple, 1.5 mm, distalmost glabrate adaxially and sometimes simple-hairy. |
Inflorescences | erect to ascending, open or dense, calyces not conspicuously overlapping except sometimes in bud, unbranched or branched, 20+-flowered, proximal flowers spaced 1+ cm apart, elongate, sometimes 1-sided, 10–25 cm, elongating in fruit; bracts linear to lanceolate, undivided or deeply 2-fid, 4–10 mm, usually equaling or longer than pedicels. |
erect, open, calyces not conspicuously overlapping except sometimes in bud, unbranched or branched, (5–)10–12(–23)-flowered, elongate, sometimes 1-sided, 10–40 cm; bracts lanceolate, usually undivided, 3–4 mm, shorter than pedicels and calyx. |
Pedicels | 5–8(–40) mm, equaling to much longer than calyx in fruit; involucellar bractlets absent. |
(3–)5–10(–15) mm; involucellar bractlets absent. |
Flowers | bisexual or, less frequently, unisexual and pistillate, plants gynodioecious; calyx 5–8(–10) mm, often accrescent, sparsely hairy, hairs simple, to 1 mm, pustulose, sometimes small, stellate, infrequently glandular, surface not obscured; petals pale pinkish rose or pale lavender-purple, bases paler, rarely white, veins usually pale, (6–)10–20(–25) mm, pistillate 8–12 mm, bisexual 18–20 mm; staminal column 5–6 mm, hispid-puberulent; anthers white; stigmas (7 or)8 or 9. |
usually bisexual, infrequently unisexual and pistillate, plants gynodioecious; calyx (7–)9–10 mm, to 12–14 mm in fruit, densely stellate-puberulent; petals pale pinkish lavender, often pale-veined especially when dry, pistillate 10–20 mm, bisexual 20–25(–31) mm; staminal column 7–8(–10) mm, sparsely puberulent; anthers white; stigmas (6)7(8). |
Seeds | 1.5 mm. |
2.5 mm. |
Schizocarps | 5 mm diam.; mericarps (7 or)8 or 9, 2–3 mm, ± glabrous, sides thin, smooth to slightly reticulate-veined, not pitted, mucro 0.5–0.8(–1) mm. |
6–8 mm diam.; mericarps (6)7(8), 3–4 mm, minutely glandularpuberulent, glabrescent, margins sometimes sharpedged, roughened, strongly reticulate-veined, sides and back deeply pitted, honeycomblike, median line on back but not furrowed, mucro 1 mm. |
2n | = 20. |
= 60. |
Sidalcea neomexicana |
Sidalcea celata |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Aug. | Flowering May–Jun(–Aug). |
Habitat | Desert alkaline springs, moist mountain meadows, wet ditches, marshes | Open oak woodlands, wet sites, sometimes on serpentine |
Elevation | 10–2800 m (0–9200 ft) | 100–400(–1600) m (300–1300(–5200) ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango)
|
CA |
Discussion | Sidalcea neomexicana is variable among and within populations. It is similar to S. covillei and S. sparsifolia, the former possibly derived from it. Sidalcea neomexicana usually can be distinguished by its fleshy roots; hirsute stems; slender pedicels (especially in fruit); pustulate, coarse calyx hairs; and relatively smooth mericarp surfaces. Some plants (in California and Mexico) are well adapted to hot desert springs; overall, S. neomexicana appears to have roots and a rootstock adapted to marshy conditions. It ranges farther south than any other Sidalcea. E. M. F. Roush (1931) recognized no subspecific taxa; C. L. Hitchcock (1957) accepted four geographically and morphologically defined subspecies, three of which (crenulata, neomexicana, thurberi) occur north of Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sidalcea celata has been recognized as a local species endemic to Shasta and Tehama counties (especially near Redding) in the northern inner North Coast Ranges; it was previously included within S. malviflora. Hitchcock’s concept of S. celata as a subspecies was broader and included plants from additional counties that do not match the type very well; most have been re-identified as S. asprella or S. oregana. Sidalcea celata has been confused with S. asprella, S. gigantea, and S. robusta and appears to be variable. Its narrow distribution, preference for serpentine, typical lack of elongated rhizomes, basally retrorsely hirsute stems, presence of basal leaves, and relatively large bisexual flowers and fruits are distinctive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 346. | FNA vol. 6, p. 329. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. confinis, S. crenulata, S. neomexicana subsp. crenulata, S. neomexicana subsp. diehlii, S. neomexicana var. diehlii, S. neomexicana var. parviflora, S. neomexicana subsp. thurberi, S. nitrophila, S. parviflora, S. parviflora var. thurberi | S. malviflora var. celata, S. malviflora subsp. celata |
Name authority | A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 23. (1849) | (Jepson) S. R. Hill: Madroño 56: 106. (2009) |
Web links |