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Sidalcea asprella

dwarf checkerbloom, harsh checker mallow, harsh checkerbloom

Photo is of parent taxon

dwarf checkerbloom, harsh checkerbloom, Sierra foothills checkerbloom

Habit Herbs, perennial, 0.1–1(–1.2) m, infrequently ± glaucous, with caudex or not, usually with freely-rooting fibrous rootstocks or rhizomes (5–)10–30 cm × 2–4 mm, matted or not. Plants (0.3–)0.5–1(–1.2) m, with caudex or usually compact rootstocks or rhizomes to 10(–30) cm × 4 mm.
Stems

usually single, erect and sometimes supported by adjacent plants (sprawling), base prostrate or decumbent-ascending to erect, often rooting, solid, not brittle, sometimes ± glaucous distally, proximally stellate-hairy, glabrate, hairs minute or larger and coarse (never simple only), usually 4-rayed, 0.5–1 mm.

erect, sometimes supported by other vegetation, sometimes proximally decumbent and often rooting to erect, roughly minutely- or long-stellate-hairy, hairs spreading, usually on swollen bases, minutely hairy to glabrate distally.

Leaves

basal and/or cauline, similar in size and shape;

stipules linear to lanceolate, 2–3 × 1.1 mm;

petiole (1–)5–10(–15) cm, longest on proximal leaves, 1–4 times longer on proximal leaves to 1/2 times to as long as blade on distal leaves;

blade usually shallowly to deeply palmately 3–7-lobed usually halfway to base, proximal and distal cauline blades rounded to reniform, 2–3 × 2–5 cm, usually wider than long, base cordate to truncate, margins crenate, apex blunt or rounded, lobes narrowest at base, margins usually apically coarsely toothed, rarely entire, surfaces stellate-puberulent.

mostly cauline, evenly distributed, not concentrated at stem base, gradually reduced distally;

petiole (1–)5–10(–15) cm, those of proximal leaves 4 times as long as blade, reduced distally to 1/2 times to as long as blade;

blades: proximal usually lobed, distal palmately (5–)7-lobed, (3–)5–12(–15) cm wide, base with wide sinus to truncate, margins crenate-serrate, lobe tips oblong, usually 3-toothed (sometimes entire), distalmost 3–5-parted;

surfaces stellate-puberulent, sometimes with some simple hairs.

Inflorescences

ascending or erect, often spiciform, open, calyces not overlapping in flower or fruit, unbranched or branched, 2–15(–30)-flowered, elongate in both flower and fruit, usually 1-sided, 6–11(–30) cm;

bracts leaflike to linear, usually 2-fid, (2–)3–5(–15) mm.

erect, unbranched or branched, 8–15(–30)-flowered, sometimes 1-sided;

proximalmost bract usually leaflike, 15 × 12 mm, distal bracts linear, 3 mm, shorter than pedicel.

Pedicels

2–5(–10) mm;

involucellar bractlets absent.

2–5(–10) mm.

Flowers

bisexual or unisexual and pistillate, plants gynodioecious;

calyx 5–12 mm, uniformly densely stellate-puberulent;

petals pink to pale purple, pale-veined, (5–)10–28 mm, pistillate flowers darker, 5–15 mm;

staminal column 4–5 mm, stellate-puberulent;

anthers white;

stigmas (6 or)7 or 8.

calyx 5–7 mm, to 7–10 mm in fruit;

petals pink to pale purple, pistillate usually (5–)10–15 mm, bisexual (15–)20–25 mm;

stigmas (6 or)7 or 8.

Seeds

1.5–2.8 mm.

1.5 mm.

Schizocarps

6–8 mm diam.;

mericarps (6 or)7 or 8, 3–4 mm, usually glandular-puberulent to stellate-puberulent, sometimes glabrous, roughened, strongly reticulate-veined, sides and back pitted, mucro 0.5–1 mm.

6–8 mm diam.;

mericarps (6 or)7 or 8, 3–4 mm; prominently reticulate-veined, pitted, margins and back rugose-pitted but less so on back, sometimes glabrous, mucro 0.5–0.8 mm.

2n

= 20, 40, 60.

Sidalcea asprella

Sidalcea asprella subsp. asprella

Phenology Flowering (Apr–)May–Jun(–Jul).
Habitat Open woodlands, wet meadow margins, foothill woodlands, conifer forests, sometimes serpentine
Elevation 200–1000(–1800) m [700–3300(–5900) ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Sidalcea asprella is variable and occurs from the central Sierra Nevada to southwestern Oregon. Typical plants in the central Sierra Nevada have weak, elongated stems that are often supported by neighboring vegetation; they lack simple recurved hairs at the stem base and may have either elongated rhizomes or a caudex. It has been confused with S. celata, S. elegans, S. gigantea, and S. glaucescens; formerly it was included within S. malviflora; molecular study has shown that it is different from S. malviflora. It belongs to a group including S. celata, S. elegans, S. gigantea, and S. hirtipes (K. Andreasen and B. G. Baldwin 2003).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies asprella has been confused with subsp. nana, Sidalcea celata, S. elegans, and S. glaucescens, and it previously has been placed within S. malviflora. Taller individuals can be confused with S. celata and S. gigantea; the adaxial leaf surfaces of S. celata generally have simple or two-branched hairs and those of the others have stellate hairs. Sidalcea gigantea always has long, retrorse bristle hairs at the stem base, and well-developed rhizomes. Sidalcea celata usually has dense, short, retrorse simple hairs at the stem base and rarely some stellate hairs; subsp. asprella always has stellate hairs at the stem base, but they can be less dense and short-scabrous or longer and softer. All three taxa occur in Shasta County, California, and some specimens from there may not be easily determined to species; young plants of S. gigantea may be easily mistaken as subsp. asprella before the stems and rhizomes are fully developed, and the fruits essentially match in both species. Subspecies asprella appears to be replaced by subsp. nana in northern California and Oregon, and it is especially difficult to be certain of identifications in that area.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants (0.3–)0.5–1(–1.2) m, with caudex or usually compact rootstocks or rhizomes to 10(–30) cm × 4 mm; leaves mostly cauline; inflorescences 8–15 (–30)-flowered, erect; stems erect, sometimes weak and supported by other vegetation, sometimes proximally decumbent.
subsp. asprella
1. Plants 0.1–0.3(–0.4) m, with rhizomes 5–20 cm × 2(–3) mm; leaves mostly basal; inflorescences usually 2–10(–19)-flowered, ascending; stems decumbent-ascending to erect, sometimes proximally prostrate.
subsp. nana
Source FNA vol. 6, p. 325. Treatment author: Steven R. Hill. FNA vol. 6, p. 325. Treatment author: Steven R. Hill.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea > Sidalcea asprella
Sibling taxa
S. calycosa, S. campestris, S. candida, S. celata, S. covillei, S. cusickii, S. diploscypha, S. elegans, S. gigantea, S. glaucescens, S. hartwegii, S. hendersonii, S. hickmanii, S. hirsuta, S. hirtipes, S. keckii, S. malachroides, S. malviflora, S. multifida, S. nelsoniana, S. neomexicana, S. oregana, S. pedata, S. ranunculacea, S. reptans, S. robusta, S. setosa, S. sparsifolia, S. stipularis, S. virgata
S. asprella subsp. nana
Subordinate taxa
S. asprella subsp. asprella, S. asprella subsp. nana
Synonyms S. malviflora subsp. asprella
Name authority Greene: Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 78. (1885) [E F]
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