Sida spinosa |
Sida ulmifolia |
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false or Indian or prickly mallow, prickly fanpetals, prickly sida |
broomweed, common wire-weed, escobilla, southern sida |
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Habit | Subshrubs or herbs, annual or perennial, 0.2–1 m, rarely taller. | Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, branches distichous, 1 m. |
Stems | erect, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm. |
erect, minutely stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate, 3–6 mm, 1/2 as long as petiole; petiole 5–15 mm, usually 1/4–1/2 length of blade, sometimes shorter, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm, usually with small spinelike tubercle on stem just below its attachment; blade ovate, lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 2–6 cm, smaller apically, 2–5 times longer than wide, base subcordate, margins crenate-serrate to base, apex usually acute, surfaces stellate-tomentulose abaxially, glabrate adaxially. |
distichous; stipules free from petiole, 1–3(–5)-veined, broadly falcate, 6–12 mm, often exceeding petiole; petiole (1–)4–5(–8) mm, ca. 1/10 blade length, obscurely stellate-hairy; blade lanceolate to ovate, 3–9 cm, 2–4 times longer than wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins serrate at least distally, apex acute, surfaces hirsute to glabrate. |
Inflorescences | axillary solitary or 2–4 clustered flowers. |
axillary solitary or paired flowers, sometimes more and subumbellate. |
Pedicels | 0.5–1 cm, subequal to calyx and subtending petiole. |
jointed near base, 0.2–0.5(–0.8) cm, subequal to calyx and subtending petiole. |
Flowers | calyx angulate, 5–7 mm, minutely tomentose, lobes triangular; petals yellow, rarely white, 5 mm; staminal column glabrous; style 5-branched. |
calyx ribbed, 6–8 mm, often ciliate, lobes triangular; petals yellow, 7–10(–12) mm; staminal column glabrous or hairy; style 7–12-branched. |
Schizocarps | subconic, 4–5 mm diam., hairy; mericarps 5, 3–4 mm, somewhat rugose, apex spined, spines 1 mm, antrorsely hairy. |
subconic, 5–7 mm, glabrous; mericarps 7–12, 3–4 mm, laterally reticulate, apex spined, spines to 0.5 mm. |
2n | = 14, 28. |
= 28. |
Sida spinosa |
Sida ulmifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round in warmer areas, summer elsewhere. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Roadsides, pastures, disturbed ground | Disturbed sites, principally coastal |
Elevation | 0–1500 m [0–4900 ft] | 0–50 m [0–160 ft] |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
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FL; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; South America (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela); s Asia; Africa; Pacific Islands; Australia |
Discussion | A small spur sometimes is present on the abaxial side of the petiole at the juncture with the stem, to which the specific epithet refers. It is not a spine and occasionally is absent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sida ulmifolia is pantropical and weedy but thought to have originated in Central America. In previous floras it and S. planicaulis have been treated as S. acuta Burman f., but that is a different species from those from Brazil, Guatemala, Mozambique, Sri Lanka, southeastern Asia, several Pacific islands, and Australia. Under different names, S. ulmifolia has been reported also from New Jersey and ballast. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 318. | FNA vol. 6, p. 319. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. alba, S. alnifolia, S. angustifolia, S. heterocarpa | S. acuta var. intermedia, S. balbisiana, S. brachypetala, S. carpinifolia, S. carpinifolia var. balbisiana, S. carpinifolia var. brevicuspidata |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 683. (1753) | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Sida no. 1. (1768) |
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