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false or Indian or prickly mallow, prickly fanpetals, prickly sida

Brazilian sida, moth fanpetals

Habit Subshrubs or herbs, annual or perennial, 0.2–1 m, rarely taller. Subshrubs, to 1 m.
Stems

erect, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm.

erect, sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm.

Leaves

stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate, 3–6 mm, 1/2 as long as petiole;

petiole 5–15 mm, usually 1/4–1/2 length of blade, sometimes shorter, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm, usually with small spinelike tubercle on stem just below its attachment;

blade ovate, lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 2–6 cm, smaller apically, 2–5 times longer than wide, base subcordate, margins crenate-serrate to base, apex usually acute, surfaces stellate-tomentulose abaxially, glabrate adaxially.

stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, linear, 7 mm, subequal to petiole;

petiole 3–10 mm, 1/5 times length of blade, densely stellate-hairy distally;

blade broadly elliptic to subrhombic, to 5.5 cm, 2–3.5 times longer than wide, smaller and narrower upward, base truncate to rounded, margins dentate almost to base, apex acute, surfaces evenly stellate-hairy, densely so abaxially.

Inflorescences

axillary solitary or 2–4 clustered flowers.

usually axillary solitary flowers.

Pedicels

0.5–1 cm, subequal to calyx and subtending petiole.

slender, to 2 cm, usually 3+ times longer than calyx, 2 times as long as subtending petiole.

Flowers

calyx angulate, 5–7 mm, minutely tomentose, lobes triangular;

petals yellow, rarely white, 5 mm;

staminal column glabrous;

style 5-branched.

calyx ribbed, 6–7 mm, stellate-hairy, lobes triangular;

petals cream or pale yellow with reddish spot at base, 10 mm;

staminal column glabrous;

style 11-branched.

Schizocarps

subconic, 4–5 mm diam., hairy;

mericarps 5, 3–4 mm, somewhat rugose, apex spined, spines 1 mm, antrorsely hairy.

oblate-conic, 5–6 mm diam., subglabrous apically;

mericarps 11, 4–5 mm, dorsal wall somewhat sunken, lateral walls smooth to obscurely reticulate, apex short-apiculate, with few antrorse hairs.

2n

= 14, 28.

= 14.

Sida spinosa

Sida santaremensis

Phenology Flowering year-round in warmer areas, summer elsewhere. Flowering spring–fall.
Habitat Roadsides, pastures, disturbed ground Sandy, disturbed areas
Elevation 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

A small spur sometimes is present on the abaxial side of the petiole at the juncture with the stem, to which the specific epithet refers. It is not a spine and occasionally is absent.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sida santaremensis is a relatively recent introduction around Tampa (P. A. Fryxell et al. 1984). It often is infected with the sida golden mosaic virus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 318. FNA vol. 6, p. 318.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida
Sibling taxa
S. abutilifolia, S. antillensis, S. ciliaris, S. cordifolia, S. elliottii, S. glabra, S. hermaphrodita, S. lindheimeri, S. littoralis, S. longipes, S. neomexicana, S. planicaulis, S. rhombifolia, S. rubromarginata, S. santaremensis, S. tragiifolia, S. ulmifolia, S. urens
S. abutilifolia, S. antillensis, S. ciliaris, S. cordifolia, S. elliottii, S. glabra, S. hermaphrodita, S. lindheimeri, S. littoralis, S. longipes, S. neomexicana, S. planicaulis, S. rhombifolia, S. rubromarginata, S. spinosa, S. tragiifolia, S. ulmifolia, S. urens
Synonyms S. alba, S. alnifolia, S. angustifolia, S. heterocarpa
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 683. (1753) Monteiro: Monogr. Malv. Bras. 1: 44, plate 8. (1936)
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