Sida rhombifolia |
Sida spinosa |
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arrowleaf sida, axocatzín, Cuba jute, Cuban jute, escobilla, huinar, rhombus-leaf sida, sida |
false or Indian or prickly mallow, prickly fanpetals, prickly sida |
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Habit | Subshrubs, 1 m. Stems erect, stellate-puberulent, hairs to 0.1 mm. | Subshrubs or herbs, annual or perennial, 0.2–1 m, rarely taller. |
Stems | erect, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm. |
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Leaves | stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate, 5–6 mm, subequal to petiole; petiole 5–7 mm, 1/10–1/4 length of blade, stellate-puberulent; blade ± rhombic, 2.5–9 cm, smaller distally, 2–3(–4) times longer than wide, base usually cuneate, sometimes somewhat truncate to subcordate, margins serrate distally, entire basally, apex acute to subobtuse, surfaces stellate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially. |
stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate, 3–6 mm, 1/2 as long as petiole; petiole 5–15 mm, usually 1/4–1/2 length of blade, sometimes shorter, minutely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm, usually with small spinelike tubercle on stem just below its attachment; blade ovate, lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 2–6 cm, smaller apically, 2–5 times longer than wide, base subcordate, margins crenate-serrate to base, apex usually acute, surfaces stellate-tomentulose abaxially, glabrate adaxially. |
Inflorescences | axillary solitary flowers. |
axillary solitary or 2–4 clustered flowers. |
Pedicels | slender, (1–)3–4 cm, 4–6 times length of calyx, much shorter than to ± equaling subtending leaf, at least distalmost. |
0.5–1 cm, subequal to calyx and subtending petiole. |
Flowers | calyx ribbed, 5–6 mm, puberulent, lobes ovate; petals yellow, 7–9 mm; staminal column hairy; style 10–14-branched. |
calyx angulate, 5–7 mm, minutely tomentose, lobes triangular; petals yellow, rarely white, 5 mm; staminal column glabrous; style 5-branched. |
Schizocarps | subconic, 4–5 mm diam., glabrous; mericarps 10–14, 3–4 mm, laterally reticulate, apex muticous to spined, sometimes 1-spined through failure of dehiscence, glabrous. |
subconic, 4–5 mm diam., hairy; mericarps 5, 3–4 mm, somewhat rugose, apex spined, spines 1 mm, antrorsely hairy. |
2n | = 14, 28. |
= 14, 28. |
Sida rhombifolia |
Sida spinosa |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round in warmer localities. | Flowering year-round in warmer areas, summer elsewhere. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, roadsides, pastures, urban areas | Roadsides, pastures, disturbed ground |
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; KS; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TX; VA; s Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, tropical Africa, Pacific Islands (Philippines, Polynesia), Australia]
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AL; AR; AZ; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
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Discussion | Sida rhombifolia is found occasionally on ballast in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It is a common weed in warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical areas; its genetic diversity seems to indicate that it was introduced from the Old World. The species has been cultivated for medicinal and cordage use. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
A small spur sometimes is present on the abaxial side of the petiole at the juncture with the stem, to which the specific epithet refers. It is not a spine and occasionally is absent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 317. | FNA vol. 6, p. 318. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. hondensis, S. rhomboidea | S. alba, S. alnifolia, S. angustifolia, S. heterocarpa |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 684. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 683. (1753) |
Web links |
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