Sida cordifolia |
Sida santaremensis |
|
---|---|---|
bala, country mallow, flannel weed, great-leaf sida, heart-leaf sida, ilima |
Brazilian sida, moth fanpetals |
|
Habit | Subshrubs or shrubs, to 1.5 m. | Subshrubs, to 1 m. |
Stems | erect, stellate-tomentose. |
erect, sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs to 0.5 mm. |
Leaves | stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, linear, 5–8 mm, shorter than petiole; petiole 10–25 mm, to 1/2 length of blade, stellate-tomentose; blade broadly cordate to ovate-lanceolate, to 6 cm, reduced distally, 1–2 times longer than wide, base cordate, margins dentate to base, apex acute, surfaces softly velvety-tomentose. |
stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, linear, 7 mm, subequal to petiole; petiole 3–10 mm, 1/5 times length of blade, densely stellate-hairy distally; blade broadly elliptic to subrhombic, to 5.5 cm, 2–3.5 times longer than wide, smaller and narrower upward, base truncate to rounded, margins dentate almost to base, apex acute, surfaces evenly stellate-hairy, densely so abaxially. |
Inflorescences | axillary, usually subsessile, crowded panicles or corymbs, sometimes solitary flowers. |
usually axillary solitary flowers. |
Pedicels | 0.2–0.4 cm, enlarging slightly in fruit, shorter than calyx. |
slender, to 2 cm, usually 3+ times longer than calyx, 2 times as long as subtending petiole. |
Flowers | calyx prominently ribbed, 6–7 mm, densely stellate-tomentose, lobes ovate; petals yellow-orange, often with darker reddish base, 8–11 mm; staminal column hairy; style 8–14-branched. |
calyx ribbed, 6–7 mm, stellate-hairy, lobes triangular; petals cream or pale yellow with reddish spot at base, 10 mm; staminal column glabrous; style 11-branched. |
Schizocarps | oblate-conic, 6–7 mm diam., apically hairy; mericarps 8–14, 4–5 mm, dorsally smooth, apex spined, spines to 2 mm, retrorsely barbed (variably developed, rarely suppressed). |
oblate-conic, 5–6 mm diam., subglabrous apically; mericarps 11, 4–5 mm, dorsal wall somewhat sunken, lateral walls smooth to obscurely reticulate, apex short-apiculate, with few antrorse hairs. |
2n | = 28. |
= 14. |
Sida cordifolia |
Sida santaremensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, savannas, open shrublands, pinelands | Sandy, disturbed areas |
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; TX; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Africa, Australia]
|
FL; South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | A velvety-tomentose herb sometimes used in herbal medicines, Sida cordifolia is believed to have originated in India, but has been widely spread in warmer regions globally. In many areas it is considered to be an invasive weed. There is considerable variation in the flower color patterns; the velvety-tomentose indument and retrorsely barbed, relatively large or conspicuous spines can help in identification. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sida santaremensis is a relatively recent introduction around Tampa (P. A. Fryxell et al. 1984). It often is infected with the sida golden mosaic virus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 313. | FNA vol. 6, p. 318. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. althaeifolia, S. pellita | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 684. (1753) | Monteiro: Monogr. Malv. Bras. 1: 44, plate 8. (1936) |
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