Sida cordifolia |
Sida rhombifolia |
|
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bala, country mallow, flannel weed, great-leaf sida, heart-leaf sida, ilima |
arrowleaf sida, axocatzín, Cuba jute, Cuban jute, escobilla, huinar, rhombus-leaf sida, sida |
|
Habit | Subshrubs or shrubs, to 1.5 m. | Subshrubs, 1 m. |
Stems | erect, stellate-tomentose. |
erect, stellate-puberulent, hairs to 0.1 mm. |
Leaves | stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, linear, 5–8 mm, shorter than petiole; petiole 10–25 mm, to 1/2 length of blade, stellate-tomentose; blade broadly cordate to ovate-lanceolate, to 6 cm, reduced distally, 1–2 times longer than wide, base cordate, margins dentate to base, apex acute, surfaces softly velvety-tomentose. |
stipules free from petiole, 1-veined, subulate, 5–6 mm, subequal to petiole; petiole 5–7 mm, 1/10–1/4 length of blade, stellate-puberulent; blade ± rhombic, 2.5–9 cm, smaller distally, 2–3(–4) times longer than wide, base usually cuneate, sometimes somewhat truncate to subcordate, margins serrate distally, entire basally, apex acute to subobtuse, surfaces stellate-puberulent or glabrescent adaxially. |
Inflorescences | axillary, usually subsessile, crowded panicles or corymbs, sometimes solitary flowers. |
axillary solitary flowers. |
Pedicels | 0.2–0.4 cm, enlarging slightly in fruit, shorter than calyx. |
slender, (1–)3–4 cm, 4–6 times length of calyx, much shorter than to ± equaling subtending leaf, at least distalmost. |
Flowers | calyx prominently ribbed, 6–7 mm, densely stellate-tomentose, lobes ovate; petals yellow-orange, often with darker reddish base, 8–11 mm; staminal column hairy; style 8–14-branched. |
calyx ribbed, 5–6 mm, puberulent, lobes ovate; petals yellow, 7–9 mm; staminal column hairy; style 10–14-branched. |
Schizocarps | oblate-conic, 6–7 mm diam., apically hairy; mericarps 8–14, 4–5 mm, dorsally smooth, apex spined, spines to 2 mm, retrorsely barbed (variably developed, rarely suppressed). |
subconic, 4–5 mm diam., glabrous; mericarps 10–14, 3–4 mm, laterally reticulate, apex muticous to spined, sometimes 1-spined through failure of dehiscence, glabrous. |
2n | = 28. |
= 14, 28. |
Sida cordifolia |
Sida rhombifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering year-round in warmer localities. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, savannas, open shrublands, pinelands | Disturbed sites, roadsides, pastures, urban areas |
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; TX; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Africa, Australia]
|
AL; AR; FL; GA; KS; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TX; VA; s Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, tropical Africa, Pacific Islands (Philippines, Polynesia), Australia]
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Discussion | A velvety-tomentose herb sometimes used in herbal medicines, Sida cordifolia is believed to have originated in India, but has been widely spread in warmer regions globally. In many areas it is considered to be an invasive weed. There is considerable variation in the flower color patterns; the velvety-tomentose indument and retrorsely barbed, relatively large or conspicuous spines can help in identification. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sida rhombifolia is found occasionally on ballast in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It is a common weed in warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical areas; its genetic diversity seems to indicate that it was introduced from the Old World. The species has been cultivated for medicinal and cordage use. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 313. | FNA vol. 6, p. 317. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sida |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. althaeifolia, S. pellita | S. hondensis, S. rhomboidea |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 684. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 684. (1753) |
Web links |