The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

palmgrass

giant bristlegrass

Habit Plants perennial. Plants annual.
Culms

1-2 m. Sheaths strigose, margins with stiff hairs;

collars hispid;

ligules about 2 mm, of hairs;

blades to 50 cm long, 20-80 mm wide, plicate, tapering at both ends, abaxial surfaces sparsely strigose, adaxial surfaces short pubescent near the base.

to 6 m tall, 2-3 cm thick at the base.

Sheaths

glabrous, smooth or scabrous, margins villous distally;

ligules 1-2 mm, ciliate;

blades to 60 cm long, to 3.5 cm wide, flat.

Panicles

to 40 cm, open;

branches 6-10 cm, loosely flexible, axes scabrous;

bristles solitary, usually present only below the terminal spikelet on each branch, occasionally below non-terminal spikelets, about 5 mm.

to 50 cm long, to 5 cm wide, densely spikelike;

rachises densely villous;

bristles 1 or 2, 10-20 mm, flexible, antrorsely scabrous.

Spikelets

3-4 mm, elliptic, acuminate.

about 2 mm, disarticulating between the lower and upper florets.

Lower glumes

1/2 as long as the spikelets, obtuse, 3-4-veined;

upper glumes nearly equaling the upper lemmas, 7-veined, acute;

lower lemmas exceeding the upper lemmas, 5-veined, apices involute;

lower paleas nearly equaling the lower lemmas in length and width;

upper lemmas obscurely transversely rugose, yellow, apiculate.

1/3 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined;

upper glumes equaling the lower lemmas, 7-veined;

lower florets often staminate;

lower lemmas slightly exceeding the upper lemmas;

lower paleas equaling the lower lemmas, broad, hyaline, minutely pubescent over the veins;

upper lemmas smooth and shiny brown;

upper paleas similar to the upper lemmas.

2n

= 54.

= 36.

Setaria palmifolia

Setaria magna

Distribution
from FNA
HI
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NM; SC; TX; VA; PR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Setaria palmifolia is primarily an Asiatic species. It is a common species in Jamaica, and has been reported from scattered locations around the southern coast of the United States. In the Flora region it is occasionally cultivated as an ornamental for the conspicuous, plicate leaves and large panicles. In Southeast Asia the grains are eaten as a substitute for rice and the tender, thickened shoots as a vegetable.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Setaria magna grows in saline marshes along the eastern coast of the United States. There are also disjunct populations in brackish swamps in Arkansas, and in Texas and southeastern New Mexico as well as in Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Bermuda, Mexico, and Costa Rica. It may have been recently introduced to some of these regions, including inland areas of the Flora region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 543. FNA vol. 25, p. 552.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Setaria > subg. Ptychophyllum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Setaria > subg. Setaria
Sibling taxa
S. adhaerans, S. arizonica, S. barbata, S. chapmanii, S. corrugata, S. faberi, S. grisebachii, S. italica, S. leucopila, S. liebmannii, S. macrosperma, S. macrostachya, S. magna, S. megaphylla, S. parviflora, S. pumila, S. rariflora, S. reverchonii, S. scheelei, S. setosa, S. sphacelata, S. texana, S. verticillata, S. verticilliformis, S. villosissima, S. viridis
S. adhaerans, S. arizonica, S. barbata, S. chapmanii, S. corrugata, S. faberi, S. grisebachii, S. italica, S. leucopila, S. liebmannii, S. macrosperma, S. macrostachya, S. megaphylla, S. palmifolia, S. parviflora, S. pumila, S. rariflora, S. reverchonii, S. scheelei, S. setosa, S. sphacelata, S. texana, S. verticillata, S. verticilliformis, S. villosissima, S. viridis
Name authority (J. Konig) Stapf Griseb.
Web links