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Chinese foxtail, Chinese millet, foxtail, giant bristlegrass, giant foxtail, Japanese bristlegrass, setaire géante

giant bristlegrass

Habit Plants annual. Plants annual.
Culms

50-200 cm.

to 6 m tall, 2-3 cm thick at the base.

Sheaths

glabrous, fringed with white hairs;

ligules about 2 mm;

blades 15-30 cm long, 10-20 mm wide, usually with soft hairs on the adaxial surface.

glabrous, smooth or scabrous, margins villous distally;

ligules 1-2 mm, ciliate;

blades to 60 cm long, to 3.5 cm wide, flat.

Panicles

6-20 cm, densely spicate, arching and drooping from near the base;

rachises densely villous;

bristles (1)3(6), about 10 mm.

to 50 cm long, to 5 cm wide, densely spikelike;

rachises densely villous;

bristles 1 or 2, 10-20 mm, flexible, antrorsely scabrous.

Spikelets

2.5-3 mm.

about 2 mm, disarticulating between the lower and upper florets.

Lower glumes

about 1 mm, acute, 3-veined;

upper glumes about 2.2 mm, obtuse, 5-veined;

lower lemmas about 2.8 mm, obtuse;

lower paleas about 2/3 as long as the lower lemmas;

upper lemmas pale, finely and distinctly transversely rugose;

upper paleas similar to the upper lemmas.

1/3 as long as the spikelets, 3-veined;

upper glumes equaling the lower lemmas, 7-veined;

lower florets often staminate;

lower lemmas slightly exceeding the upper lemmas;

lower paleas equaling the lower lemmas, broad, hyaline, minutely pubescent over the veins;

upper lemmas smooth and shiny brown;

upper paleas similar to the upper lemmas.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Setaria faberi

Setaria magna

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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from FNA
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NM; SC; TX; VA; PR
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Setaria faberi spread rapidly throughout the North American corn belt after being accidentally introduced from China in the 1920s. It has become a major nuisance in corn and bean fields of the midwestern United States.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Setaria magna grows in saline marshes along the eastern coast of the United States. There are also disjunct populations in brackish swamps in Arkansas, and in Texas and southeastern New Mexico as well as in Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Bermuda, Mexico, and Costa Rica. It may have been recently introduced to some of these regions, including inland areas of the Flora region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 556. FNA vol. 25, p. 552.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Setaria > subg. Setaria Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Setaria > subg. Setaria
Sibling taxa
S. adhaerans, S. arizonica, S. barbata, S. chapmanii, S. corrugata, S. grisebachii, S. italica, S. leucopila, S. liebmannii, S. macrosperma, S. macrostachya, S. magna, S. megaphylla, S. palmifolia, S. parviflora, S. pumila, S. rariflora, S. reverchonii, S. scheelei, S. setosa, S. sphacelata, S. texana, S. verticillata, S. verticilliformis, S. villosissima, S. viridis
S. adhaerans, S. arizonica, S. barbata, S. chapmanii, S. corrugata, S. faberi, S. grisebachii, S. italica, S. leucopila, S. liebmannii, S. macrosperma, S. macrostachya, S. megaphylla, S. palmifolia, S. parviflora, S. pumila, S. rariflora, S. reverchonii, S. scheelei, S. setosa, S. sphacelata, S. texana, S. verticillata, S. verticilliformis, S. villosissima, S. viridis
Name authority R.A.W. Herrm. Griseb.
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