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rattlebox, scarlet sesban

bagpod

Habit Shrubs or trees, to 4 m. Stems glabrous in age; pith spongy, soon becoming obsolete. Herbs, often woody at base, to 2.5 m. Stems persistent late into following year, glabrous in age; pith spongy.
Leaves

4.5–30+ cm;

stipules 0.4–0.5 cm, with inconspicuous inner fold 2/3 its length, inner fold and base often with stipitate, multicellular glands and long, simple hairs;

pulvinus less than 1/2 as long as petiole;

rachis ± appressed-pilose, with or without stipitate glands in canal, stipitate gland present at petiolule base;

stipels narrow, gland tipped;

leaflets 14–40, blades elliptic to oblong-obovate, base acute-obtuse, apex truncate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent abaxially, usually glabrous adaxially.

8–30+ cm;

stipules 0.9–1.1 cm, with inconspicuous inner fold 2/3 its length, inner fold and base often with stipitate, multicellular glands or glabrous;

pulvinus as long as petiole;

rachis ± glabrous, without stipitate glands, obscure gland sometimes present at petiolule base;

stipels absent;

leaflets 16–50+, blades elliptic-ovate to oblong, base acute, apex rounded-obtuse, surfaces usually glabrous.

Inflorescences

5–15+-flowered, racemes.

1–6+-flowered, racemes.

Peduncles

(1.1–)2.1–2.4(–3.3) cm.

(3.7–)6.4–7.4(–12.2) cm.

Flowers

(1.8–)2–2.2(–2.5) cm;

calyx ± zygomorphic, usually absent at fruit maturity, lobes 5, short and broad, sinuses shallow, rim of tube glabrous, stalked glands absent;

corolla orange-grenadine-red;

banner ovate, base truncate, apex emarginate, calluses as relatively small, acute teeth at claw base;

wings without basal tooth;

keel ± same color throughout, apex rounded-obtuse, curved upward, without basal tooth;

stamens curved upward within keel;

style curved upward with stamens;

ovules 6 or 7(–10).

(8–)8.4–9(–9.7) cm;

calyx ± zygomorphic, ± persistent in fruit, lobes 5, short-acuminate, rim of tube glabrous, stalked glands sometimes present between lobes;

corolla yellow-orange, banner base with bright yellow spot, wings and keel usually darker;

banner ovate, base truncate, apex emarginate, calluses absent or as relatively small teeth at claw base, thickened, knoblike at base of blade/top of claw;

wings with basal tooth;

keel apex ± darker, acute, curved upward to slightly inward, without basal tooth;

stamens incurved within keel;

style recurved;

ovules 1–3.

Legumes

red-brown, with or without horizontal mottling, 4-angled, square in cross section, ± straight, with pronounced, spreading wings, torulose or not, (5.2–)8.8–9.5(–10.7) × (0.7–)0.8(–9) cm, seed compartments slightly pronounced externally in age, beak long-pyramidal to triangular, (0.5–)0.9–1(–1.4) cm, tardily dehiscent;

stipe (0.8–)1.1–1.2(–1.6) cm.

tan-brown, often with horizontal mottling in age, flattened-inflated, flat to elliptic in cross section, straight, (4.5–)6.1–6.7(–8.2) × (1.1–)1.2–1.3(–1.6) cm, beak gradually tapered, flattened, (0.4–)0.5–0.6(–0.7) cm, tardily dehiscent;

stipe (0.8–)1.1–1.2(–1.5) cm.

Seeds

(1–)6 or 7(–10), red-brown to gray, without mottling, globose to reniform-orbicular.

1 or 2(or 3), gray-brown to reddish, without mottling, reniform, not easily released, enveloped in indehiscent, papery endocarp.

2n

= 12.

= 12.

Sesbania punicea

Sesbania vesicaria

Phenology Flowering early summer–fall. Flowering early summer–early fall.
Habitat Wet areas, riparian, wetlands, coastal, disturbed sites. Wet areas, riparian, wetlands, coastal, agricultural fields, disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in e Mexico, West Indies, Central America, Africa (South Africa)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sesbania punicea is used as an ornamental and is commonly sold under the name Scarlet Sesban. This native of central South America can survive short freezes and has escaped and become a noxious weed in some wetland locations.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sesbania disperma Pursh is an illegitimate name and Glottidium floridanum (Willdenow) de Candolle is a superfluous name; both pertain here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Sesbania Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Sesbania
Sibling taxa
S. drummondii, S. grandiflora, S. herbacea, S. sericea, S. vesicaria, S. virgata
S. drummondii, S. grandiflora, S. herbacea, S. punicea, S. sericea, S. virgata
Synonyms Piscidia punicea, Aeschynomene miniata, Daubentonia punicea, S. tripetii Robinia vesicaria, Icon. pl., Aeschynomene platycarpa, Colutea floribunda, Dalbergia polyphylla, Emerus vesicarius, Glottidium floridanum var. atrorubrum, G. vesicarium, G. vesicarium var. atrorubrum, G. vesicarium var. sericeum, Phaca floridana, S. platycarpa, S. vesicaria var. atrorubra
Name authority (Cavanilles) Bentham in C. F. P. von Martius et al.: Fl. Bras. 15(1): 43. (1859) (Jacquin) Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 222. (1823)
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