Senna roemeriana |
Senna atomaria |
|
---|---|---|
Roemer senna, twoleaf senna, twoleaf wild sensitive plant |
flor de San Jose, flor de san josé, palo zorillo |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, to 0.7 m. Leaves slightly sclerophyllous, 2.5–9.5 cm, hairy; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectary 1, between leaflet pair, shortly stipitate; leaflet pairs 1, blades lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate, 20–70 × 4–14 mm. | Shrubs or trees, to 20 m. Leaves mesophyllous to slightly sclerophyllous, 8.5–28.5 cm, hairy, sometimes densely; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectaries 0; leaflet pairs 2–5, blades bicolored, usually obovate to elliptic, sometimes ovate, 20–130 × 10–60 mm. |
Racemes | 1–5-flowered; bracts caducous. |
5–55-flowered, not spikelike; bracts early caducous, to 5 mm. |
Pedicels | 9–16 mm. |
13–28 mm. |
Flowers | monosymmetric; calyx caducous, pale green; corolla yellow or orange-yellow, longest petal 12–17 mm; androecium not heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3; anthers 2.2–3.3 mm, dehiscing by 1 apical pore, apical appendage 0; gynoecium nearly linear, ovules 22–40; ovary densely hairy; style slightly incurved. |
asymmetric, enantiostylous; calyx greenish to yellow; corolla yellow-orange, slightly dark-veined, longest petal 12–23 mm, highly asymmetric, 1 or both lower petals highly modified, strongly concave and folded over stamens (flag-shaped); androecium slightly heterantherous, stamens 7 (similar in shape and size, abaxial ones slightly longer), staminodes 3; anthers 2.8–5 mm, dehiscing by 2 short slits, apical appendage 0; gynoecium incurved, ovules 46–70; ovary glabrate, sometimes becoming hairy after fertilization; style stout. |
Legumes | erect, subcylindrical, straight or slightly curved, 20–35 × 4.5–6.5 mm, corrugated over seeds, dehiscing apically downward. |
pendulous, flat, straight, 220–370 × 80–140 mm, woody, indehiscent or splitting transversely into woody segments. |
Seeds | brown or pinkish brown, paddle-shaped or pyriform. |
reddish brown, obovoid to oblong-obovoid. |
2n | = 28. |
|
Senna roemeriana |
Senna atomaria |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–early fall. | Flowering late winter–late spring. |
Habitat | Mesquite grasslands, chaparral, draws in shortgrass prairies, barren hillsides, desert washes, roadsides. | Disturbed habitats. |
Elevation | 100–2000 m. (300–6600 ft.) | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León)
|
FL; Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatán); Central America (including Caribbean Islands); South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela) [Introduced in North America]
|
Discussion | As with other trees from deciduous and semi-deciduous vegetation, Senna atomaria is covered with flowers before developing the foliage (H. S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby 1982). In the flora area, it occurs naturalized only very locally in Collier County (R. P. Wunderlin et al., http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cassia roemeriana, Earleocassia roemeriana | Cassia atomaria, C. emarginata |
Name authority | (Scheele) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 282. (1982) | (Linnaeus) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 588. (1982) |
Web links |