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climbing cassia, valamuerto

dwarf senna

Habit Herbs, perennial, to 0.2 m. Leaves slightly sclerophyllous, 1.5–10 cm, hairy; stipules persistent; extrafloral nectary between leaflet pair, highly reduced; leaflet pairs 1, blades lanceolate-acuminate or oblanceolate, 10–50 × 2–5 mm.
Racemes

1-flowered;

bracts caducous.

Pedicels

6–21 mm.

Flowers

monosymmetric;

calyx often persistent into developing fruit, pale green;

corolla pale yellow, longest petal 5.5–10 mm;

androecium not heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3;

anthers to 2.9–4 mm, dehiscing by 1 apical pore, apical appendage 0;

gynoecium nearly linear, ovules 6–12;

ovary hairy;

style linear.

Legumes

erect, cylindrical, straight, 8–15 × 6–8 mm, not corrugated over seeds, dehiscing apically downward.

Seeds

brown, paddle-shaped to pyriform.

Senna

pendula is often confused with close relative S. bicapsularis, which is absent from North America and has shorter pedicels, only to 5 mm (H.

s

. Irwin and R.

c

.

Barneby

1982;

B.

Marazzi

et al.

2006b

).

2n

= 28.

Senna pendula

Senna pumilio

Phenology Flowering late winter–mid summer.
Habitat Gravelly clay mounds and flats, sandy soils.
Elevation 50–2000 m. (200–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced, Florida; introduced also in Africa (South Africa), Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 18–20 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Senna pumilio is one of three sennas in North America forming and sprouting from a woody taproot (along with S. bauhinioides and S. ripleyana; H. S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby 1982).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna
Sibling taxa
S. alata, S. armata, S. artemisioides, S. atomaria, S. bauhinioides, S. corymbosa, S. covesii, S. durangensis, S. hebecarpa, S. hirsuta, S. ligustrina, S. lindheimeriana, S. marilandica, S. mexicana, S. multiglandulosa, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. orcuttii, S. pilosior, S. pumilio, S. ripleyana, S. roemeriana, S. surattensis, S. wislizeni
S. alata, S. armata, S. artemisioides, S. atomaria, S. bauhinioides, S. corymbosa, S. covesii, S. durangensis, S. hebecarpa, S. hirsuta, S. ligustrina, S. lindheimeriana, S. marilandica, S. mexicana, S. multiglandulosa, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. orcuttii, S. pendula, S. pilosior, S. ripleyana, S. roemeriana, S. surattensis, S. wislizeni
Subordinate taxa
S. pendula var. glabrata
Synonyms Cassia pendula, Chamaefistula pendula Cassia pumilio, Tharpia pumilio
Name authority (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 378. (1982) (A. Gray) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Phytologia 44: 500. (1979)
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