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climbing cassia, valamuerto

twinleaf senna

Habit Herbs, perennial, to 0.4 m. Leaves slightly sclerophyllous, 1.5–5.5 cm, hairy; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectary 1, between leaflet pair, stipitate or subsessile; leaflet pairs 1, blades obliquely oblong or ovate-oblong, 8–46 × 5–16 mm.
Racemes

1–3-flowered;

bracts caducous.

Pedicels

3–11 mm.

Flowers

monosymmetric;

calyx caducous, yellowish to pale green;

corolla yellow, longest petal 5–10 mm;

androecium not heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3;

anthers to 1.8–2.8 mm, dehiscing by 1 apical pore, apical appendage 0;

gynoecium nearly linear, ovules 22–36;

ovary densely hairy;

style incurved, to 1.5 mm, distally dilated.

Legumes

erect, cylindrical, curved, 17–30(–50) × 4.5–6.5 mm, slightly corrugated over seeds, dehiscing apically downward.

Seeds

brownish olive green becoming gray, paddle-shaped to pyriform.

Senna

pendula is often confused with close relative S. bicapsularis, which is absent from North America and has shorter pedicels, only to 5 mm (H.

s

. Irwin and R.

c

.

Barneby

1982;

B.

Marazzi

et al.

2006b

).

Senna pendula

Senna bauhinioides

Phenology Flowering mid spring–mid fall.
Habitat Stony hillsides, plains, bajadas, dry washes.
Elevation 100–1800 m. (300–5900 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced, Florida; introduced also in Africa (South Africa), Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 18–20 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Senna bauhinioides is one of three sennas in North America that can form and sprout from a woody taproot (along with S. pumilio and S. ripleyana; H. S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby 1982).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna
Sibling taxa
S. alata, S. armata, S. artemisioides, S. atomaria, S. bauhinioides, S. corymbosa, S. covesii, S. durangensis, S. hebecarpa, S. hirsuta, S. ligustrina, S. lindheimeriana, S. marilandica, S. mexicana, S. multiglandulosa, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. orcuttii, S. pilosior, S. pumilio, S. ripleyana, S. roemeriana, S. surattensis, S. wislizeni
S. alata, S. armata, S. artemisioides, S. atomaria, S. corymbosa, S. covesii, S. durangensis, S. hebecarpa, S. hirsuta, S. ligustrina, S. lindheimeriana, S. marilandica, S. mexicana, S. multiglandulosa, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. orcuttii, S. pendula, S. pilosior, S. pumilio, S. ripleyana, S. roemeriana, S. surattensis, S. wislizeni
Subordinate taxa
S. pendula var. glabrata
Synonyms Cassia pendula, Chamaefistula pendula Cassia bauhinioides, Earleocassia bauhinioides
Name authority (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 378. (1982) (A. Gray) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Phytologia 44: 499. (1979)
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