Senna covesii |
Senna marilandica |
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Coues' cassia, Coves' cassia, desert senna |
Maryland senna, wild senna |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, to 0.7 m. Leaves slightly sclerophyllous, 2–10 cm, hairy; stipules persistent, to 1 mm wide; extrafloral nectaries between all leaflet pairs, stipitate; leaflet pairs 2–4, blades obovate to elliptic-obovate or oblong-elliptic, 10–38 × 5–19 mm. | Herbs, perennial, to 0.6–2 m. Leaves mesophyllous, 12–27 cm, finely hairy; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectary 1, base of or along petiole, sessile or shortly stipitate; leaflet pairs 5–9, blades elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or lanceolate, 30–60 × 9–24 mm. |
Racemes | (2–)4–8-flowered; bracts caducous. |
usually 5–15-flowered; bracts caducous. |
Pedicels | 8–17 mm. |
9–17 mm. |
Flowers | monosymmetric; calyx pale green, pinkish, or yellowish; corolla golden yellow, longest petal 9–15 mm; androecium not heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3; anthers 2.5–4.2 mm, dehiscing by 1 apical pore, apical appendage 0; gynoecium linear, slightly incurved, ovules 28–42; ovary hairy; style filiform, incurved. |
monosymmetric; calyx pinkish brown; corolla yellow, longest petal 8–14 mm; androecium heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3; anthers of middle stamens 2.6–3.5 mm, of abaxial stamens 4–5 mm, truncate, dehiscing by 2 pores, apical appendage 0; gynoecium incurved, ovules 20–28; ovary glabrous or slightly hairy; style incurved, not dilated. |
Legumes | erect, cylindrical, slightly curved, 180–350 × 50–80 mm, shallowly corrugated over seeds, dehiscing apically downward. |
ascending, flat, curved downward, 65–110 × 7.5–11 mm, corrugated over seeds, tardily dehiscent, each seed compartment wider than long. |
Seeds | brown, rhomboid. |
dark reddish brown, obovoid or oblong-obovoid. |
2n | = 28. |
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Senna covesii |
Senna marilandica |
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Phenology | Flowering late winter–early fall. | Flowering mid summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Sandy and gravelly desert washes, slopes, and stony hills, disturbed desert roadsides. | Open woodlands, valley floors, creek banks, swamps, thickets, pastures. |
Elevation | 0–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NM; NV; Mexico (Baja California, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV
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Discussion | Senna marilandica is introduced in southern California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cassia covesii, Earleocassia covesii | Cassia marilandica, C. reflexa, Ditremexa marilandica, D. medsgeri, D. nashii, S. riparia |
Name authority | (A. Gray) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Phytologia 44: 499. (1979) | (Linnaeus) Link: Handbuch 2: 140. (1829) — (as marylandica) |
Web links |