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Argentine senna

dwarf senna

Habit Shrubs or trees, to 3.5 m. Leaves mesophyllous, 5.5–9.5 cm, glabrous or glabrate; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectary 1, between first leaflet pair, sessile or short-stipitate; leaflet pairs 3, blades oblong-lanceolate, 25–60 × 5–14 mm. Herbs, perennial, to 0.2 m. Leaves slightly sclerophyllous, 1.5–10 cm, hairy; stipules persistent; extrafloral nectary between leaflet pair, highly reduced; leaflet pairs 1, blades lanceolate-acuminate or oblanceolate, 10–50 × 2–5 mm.
Racemes

4–18-flowered;

bracts caducous.

1-flowered;

bracts caducous.

Pedicels

13–23 mm.

6–21 mm.

Flowers

monosymmetric;

calyx brownish to greenish yellow;

corolla golden yellow, longest petal 8–16 mm;

androecium heterantherous, stamens 7, middle stamens 1/2 as long as abaxial or smaller, staminodes 3;

anthers of middle stamens to 3.6–4.8 mm, of abaxial stamens 5.2–6.5 mm, dehiscing by nearly U-shaped pore, apical appendage inconspicuous;

gynoecium incurved, ovules 34–50;

ovary hairy;

style slightly incurved.

monosymmetric;

calyx often persistent into developing fruit, pale green;

corolla pale yellow, longest petal 5.5–10 mm;

androecium not heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3;

anthers to 2.9–4 mm, dehiscing by 1 apical pore, apical appendage 0;

gynoecium nearly linear, ovules 6–12;

ovary hairy;

style linear.

Legumes

somewhat pendulous, cylindrical, straight, 40–120 × 6–10 mm, corrugated over seeds, indehiscent.

erect, cylindrical, straight, 8–15 × 6–8 mm, not corrugated over seeds, dehiscing apically downward.

Seeds

dull brown or dark reddish brown, obliquely obovoid or oblong-ellipsoid.

brown, paddle-shaped to pyriform.

2n

= 28.

= 28.

Senna corymbosa

Senna pumilio

Phenology Flowering early winter–mid spring. Flowering late winter–mid summer.
Habitat Thickets, brushy stream and river banks, waste places. Gravelly clay mounds and flats, sandy soils.
Elevation 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) 50–2000 m. (200–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; s South America
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Senna corymbosa has been cultivated for over two centuries and is a common ornamental in many botanical gardens worldwide; it has become naturalized in warmer western Europe and South Africa (H. S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby 1982).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Senna pumilio is one of three sennas in North America forming and sprouting from a woody taproot (along with S. bauhinioides and S. ripleyana; H. S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby 1982).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (excluding Mimosoid clade) > Senna
Sibling taxa
S. alata, S. armata, S. artemisioides, S. atomaria, S. bauhinioides, S. covesii, S. durangensis, S. hebecarpa, S. hirsuta, S. ligustrina, S. lindheimeriana, S. marilandica, S. mexicana, S. multiglandulosa, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. orcuttii, S. pendula, S. pilosior, S. pumilio, S. ripleyana, S. roemeriana, S. surattensis, S. wislizeni
S. alata, S. armata, S. artemisioides, S. atomaria, S. bauhinioides, S. corymbosa, S. covesii, S. durangensis, S. hebecarpa, S. hirsuta, S. ligustrina, S. lindheimeriana, S. marilandica, S. mexicana, S. multiglandulosa, S. obtusifolia, S. occidentalis, S. orcuttii, S. pendula, S. pilosior, S. ripleyana, S. roemeriana, S. surattensis, S. wislizeni
Synonyms Cassia corymbosa, Adipera corymbosa Cassia pumilio, Tharpia pumilio
Name authority (Lamarck) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 397. (1982) (A. Gray) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Phytologia 44: 500. (1979)
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