Senna corymbosa |
Senna marilandica |
|
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Argentine senna, Argentine wild sensitive plant |
Maryland senna, wild senna |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, to 3.5 m. | Herbs, perennial, to 0.6–2 m. |
Leaves | mesophyllous, 5.5–9.5 cm, glabrous or glabrate; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectary 1, between first leaflet pair, sessile or short-stipitate; leaflet pairs 3, blades oblong-lanceolate, 25–60 × 5–14 mm. |
mesophyllous, 12–27 cm, finely hairy; stipules caducous; extrafloral nectary 1, base of or along petiole, sessile or shortly stipitate; leaflet pairs 5–9, blades elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or lanceolate, 30–60 × 9–24 mm. |
Racemes | 4–18-flowered; bracts caducous. |
usually 5–15-flowered; bracts caducous. |
Pedicels | 13–23 mm. |
9–17 mm. |
Flowers | monosymmetric; calyx brownish to greenish yellow; corolla golden yellow, longest petal 8–16 mm; androecium heterantherous, stamens 7, middle stamens 1/2 as long as abaxial or smaller, staminodes 3; anthers of middle stamens to 3.6–4.8 mm, of abaxial stamens 5.2–6.5 mm, dehiscing by nearly U-shaped pore, apical appendage inconspicuous; gynoecium incurved, ovules 34–50; ovary hairy; style slightly incurved. |
monosymmetric; calyx pinkish brown; corolla yellow, longest petal 8–14 mm; androecium heterantherous, stamens 7, staminodes 3; anthers of middle stamens 2.6–3.5 mm, of abaxial stamens 4–5 mm, truncate, dehiscing by 2 pores, apical appendage 0; gynoecium incurved, ovules 20–28; ovary glabrous or slightly hairy; style incurved, not dilated. |
Legumes | somewhat pendulous, cylindrical, straight, 40–120 × 6–10 mm, corrugated over seeds, indehiscent. |
ascending, flat, curved downward, 65–110 × 7.5–11 mm, corrugated over seeds, tardily dehiscent, each seed compartment wider than long. |
Seeds | dull brown or dark reddish brown, obliquely obovoid or oblong-ellipsoid. |
dark reddish brown, obovoid or oblong-obovoid. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Senna corymbosa |
Senna marilandica |
|
Phenology | Flowering early winter–mid spring. | Flowering mid summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Thickets, brushy stream and river banks, waste places. | Open woodlands, valley floors, creek banks, swamps, thickets, pastures. |
Elevation | 0–500 m. [0–1600 ft.] | 0–500 m. [0–1600 ft.] |
Distribution |
FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; s South America
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AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV
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Discussion | Senna corymbosa has been cultivated for over two centuries and is a common ornamental in many botanical gardens worldwide; it has become naturalized in warmer western Europe and South Africa (H. S. Irwin and R. C. Barneby 1982). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Senna marilandica is introduced in southern California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cassia corymbosa, Adipera corymbosa | Cassia marilandica, C. reflexa, Ditremexa marilandica, D. medsgeri, D. nashii, S. riparia |
Name authority | (Lamarck) H. S. Irwin & Barneby: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 397. (1982) | (Linnaeus) Link: Handbuch 2: 140. (1829) — (as marylandica) |
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