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California groundsel, chaparral ragwort, rayless ragwort

stinking willie, tansy ragwort

Habit Annuals, 5–20+ cm (taproots relatively short and thin). Perennials, 20–80(–100) cm (taprooted or branched caudices surmounting taproots).
Herbage

glabrous or sparsely tomentose (especially distally).

sparsely and unevenly tomentose, glabrescent except in leaf axils and among heads.

Stems

usually 1 (relatively thin, delicate).

(often purplish-tinged) usually single, sometimes loosely clustered.

Leaves

evenly distributed;

sessile;

blades oblanceolate to lance-linear, 2–4 × 0.5–1 cm, bases sometimes weakly clasping, margins usually subpinnate to dentate, sometimes subentire (distal leaves bractlike).

± evenly distributed (basal often withering before flowering); petiolate (sometimes obscurely);

blades ovate to broadly ovate (usually 1–3-pinnate, lobes mostly obovate to spatulate), (4–)7–20(–30) × (1–)2–5(–12) cm, bases usually tapered, ultimate margins dentate (distal leaves similar, smaller).

Ray florets

0 or 1–5;

corolla laminae 0.5–1+ mm (barely surpassing phyllaries, heads perhaps technically disciform).

± 13;

corolla laminae 8–12 mm.

Phyllaries

± 8 or ± 13, 5–6 mm, tips greenish.

± 13, 3–4(–5) mm, tips black or greenish.

Calyculi

0 or of 1–3+ lance-deltate bractlets.

of 2–6 (inconspicuous) bractlets (less than 2 mm).

Heads

4–10+ in open, cymiform arrays.

(10–)20–60+ in corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

densely hairy.

all sparsely hairy or ray cypselae glabrous.

2n

= 40.

= 40.

Senecio aphanactis

Senecio jacobaea

Phenology Flowering late winter–spring. Flowering spring–early summer(–fall).
Habitat Dry, open ground, especially alkaline flats Disturbed sites, pastures, roadsides, and waste grounds
Elevation 10–400 m (0–1300 ft) 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; ID; IL; MA; ME; MI; MT; NJ; NY; OR; PA; WA; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Senecio jacobaea is a weed introduced from Europe and now well established in places of cool, damp summers. It is toxic to livestock and legally noxious in most states and provinces where it occurs.

The Russian botanist E. Wiebe (2000) resuscitated Jacobaea for plants that are treated here as Senecio jacobaea, S. erucifolius, and S. cannabifolius. Phylogenetic studies may confirm the utility of recognizing Jacobaea as a distinct genus; to do so here would be premature.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 20, p. 563. FNA vol. 20, p. 568.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Senecio Asteraceae > tribe Senecioneae > Senecio
Sibling taxa
S. actinella, S. amplectens, S. ampullaceus, S. arizonicus, S. aronicoides, S. astephanus, S. atratus, S. bigelovii, S. blochmaniae, S. californicus, S. cannabifolius, S. clarkianus, S. crassulus, S. elegans, S. elmeri, S. eremophilus, S. ertterae, S. erucifolius, S. flaccidus, S. fremontii, S. hydrophiloides, S. hydrophilus, S. integerrimus, S. jacobaea, S. lemmonii, S. lugens, S. lyonii, S. megacephalus, S. mohavensis, S. multidentatus, S. neowebsteri, S. parryi, S. pattersonensis, S. pseudoarnica, S. pudicus, S. quaylei, S. rapifolius, S. riddellii, S. sacramentanus, S. scorzonella, S. serra, S. sheldonensis, S. soldanella, S. spartioides, S. sphaerocephalus, S. spribillei, S. squalidus, S. sylvaticus, S. taraxacoides, S. triangularis, S. viscosus, S. vulgaris, S. warnockii, S. wootonii
S. actinella, S. amplectens, S. ampullaceus, S. aphanactis, S. arizonicus, S. aronicoides, S. astephanus, S. atratus, S. bigelovii, S. blochmaniae, S. californicus, S. cannabifolius, S. clarkianus, S. crassulus, S. elegans, S. elmeri, S. eremophilus, S. ertterae, S. erucifolius, S. flaccidus, S. fremontii, S. hydrophiloides, S. hydrophilus, S. integerrimus, S. lemmonii, S. lugens, S. lyonii, S. megacephalus, S. mohavensis, S. multidentatus, S. neowebsteri, S. parryi, S. pattersonensis, S. pseudoarnica, S. pudicus, S. quaylei, S. rapifolius, S. riddellii, S. sacramentanus, S. scorzonella, S. serra, S. sheldonensis, S. soldanella, S. spartioides, S. sphaerocephalus, S. spribillei, S. squalidus, S. sylvaticus, S. taraxacoides, S. triangularis, S. viscosus, S. vulgaris, S. warnockii, S. wootonii
Synonyms Jacobaea vulgaris
Name authority Greene: Pittonia 1: 220. (1888) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 870. (1753)
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