Flora of North America species comparison

unbranched or branched near base, depressed-spheric, spheric, cylindric, or elongate-cylindric, 4.5–45 × 3.5–14.5 cm;

ribs (10–)13(–16), tubercles evident on ribs.

unbranched (2–3-branched), light green, depressed hemispheric to ovoid or cylindric, 4–15 × 3–15 cm;

ribs (11–)13–14, tubercles prominent on ribs.

frequently obscuring stems;

radial spines 8–17 per areole, usually white, sometimes brown or purplish pink, 6–36 mm;

central spines (3–)4–6(–8) per areole, 1–5 hooked;

abaxial central spine usually purple black, hooked, 15–72 × 0.6–1 mm;

lateral spines 2–6 per areole, similar to abaxial, usually shorter, usually not hooked;

adaxial central spine usually white (rarely gray, straw colored, pink, or reddish brown), flat to angled or terete; straight (rarely contorted), 17–82(–90) × 0.7–1.5(–3) mm.

not obscuring stems;

radial spines (6–)8–11(–16) per areole, spreading, white or with dark tips, 4–35 × 0.3–1 mm;

central spines (0–)4(–6) per areole;

abaxial central spines 1(–3) per areole, tan, brown, reddish, or black, usually hooked, terete to angled, 10–55 mm;

lateral spines usually (0–)2(–4) per areole, white, tan, red or reddish brown, usually hooked, except on some older areoles, 10–30 mm;

adaxial spines 1 per areole, tipped white or dark, flattened, 5–25(–60) × 0.5–1(–2.2) mm.

funnelform to campanulate, (2–)3–5.7(–7) × 2.5–5.5(–8) cm;

outer tepals with greenish or brownish purple midstripes and rose to purple, pink, yellow, or white margins, oblanceolate, 25–50 × 6–10 mm, mucronate, margins entire;

inner tepals rose to purple, pink, or yellow (rarely white), oblanceolate, 15–55 × 6–12 mm, margins entire to fringed, apex mucronate;

filaments purple, yellow, or green;

anthers yellow;

ovary papillate, appearing granular.

tubular, funnelform to campanulate, 2–4 × 2–4 cm;

outer tepals with pink to yellowish brown, greenish brown or reddish brown midstripes and cream, yellow, pink, or reddish purple margins, usually oblanceolate, 10–20 × 4–8 mm, margins entire to irregularly toothed;

inner tepals cream with yellow, greenish, reddish purple, lavender or brownish midstripes and lighter margins, oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, 15–25 × 4–8 mm, margins entire to minutely toothed apically;

filaments cream, yellow, green, red-violet, or pink;

anthers yellow;

styles minutely and sparsely papillate.

irregularly dehiscent, green turning reddish pink, 10–30 × 10–15 mm;

scales few, membranous fringed.

dehiscent along 2–4 vertical slits, green or pink, barrel-shaped, 9–12 × 8–10 mm, dry;

scales few, membranous, scarious-margined.

dark brown to black, 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–3 mm;

testa with rounded papillae.

black, 2.5–4 × 2–2.9 mm;

testa with rounded papillae.