Scirpus hattorianus
Scirpus lineatus
early dark-green bulrush, mosquito bulrush, scirpe de hattori
drooping bulrush
fertile ones upright or nearly so;
nodes without axillary bulblets.
fertile ones lax, reclining, inflorescences lopping over to (or nearly to) ground;
nodes sometimes with axillary bulblets.
3–9 per culm;
sheaths of proximal leaves light brown;
proximal sheaths and blades with septa few to many, rather inconspicuous;
blades 20–35 cm × 5–9 mm.
4–9 per culm;
sheaths of proximal leaves whitish;
proximal sheaths and blades with septa few, inconspicuous;
blades 18–32 cm × 6–13 mm.
terminal;
rays ascending or divaricate (usually both in the same inflorescence), rays often bearing axillary bulblets, proximal branches smooth, distal branches scabrellous to scabrous;
bases of involucral bracts green, margins usually speckled with red-brown, rarely solid black, not glutinous.
terminal and axillary in 2–3 distal leaves;
rays ascending or divergent, rays and pedicels scabrous or scabrellous throughout or sometimes only in distal 1/2, rays often bearing axillary bulblets;
bases of involucral bracts green, not glutinous.
in dense clusters of 4–55 (largest cluster with 15 or more), spikelets sessile, ovoid or broadly ovoid, 2–3.5 × 1.3–2.5 mm;
scales blackish or occasionally brownish with pale midribs, elliptic or broadly elliptic, 1–1.4(–2) mm, apex mucronate, mucro 0.1–0.2 mm.
in open cymes, central spikelet of each cyme sessile, others long-pedicellate, spikelets ovoid, narrowly ovoid, or narrowly ellipsoid, 4–7(–10) × 2–3 mm;
scales brown to red-brown with green midribs, ovate to narrowly elliptic, 1.8–2.5 mm, apex mucronate, mucro 0.1–0.3 mm.
perianth bristles persistent, (4–)5–6, slender, straight or curved, shorter than to equaling achene, with retrorse, thin-walled, round-tipped barbs in distal (0.1–)0.2–0.4, enclosed within scales;
styles 3-fid.
perianth bristles persistent, 6, slender, much longer than achene, strongly contorted and not or scarcely projecting beyond it, smooth, enclosed within scales or scarcely projecting beyond them;
styles 3-fid.
pale brown, elliptic or obovate in outline, plumply trigonous, (0.6–)0.7–1.1 × 0.3–0.5 mm.
pale brown, elliptic in outline, plano-convex or plumply trigonous, 1.1–1.5 × 0.6–0.7 mm.
= 56.
= 36.
Scirpus hattorianus
Scirpus lineatus
Scirpus hattorianus has been confused in the past with both S. atrovirens and S. georgianus. Scirpus hattorianus tends to be a more slender plant, and the scales of its spikelets are usually black, not brown. The perianth bristles are superficially intermediate between the other two. They are typically shorter and more delicate than those of S. atrovirens. In S. hattorianus the longest bristles are usually only 0.6–0.8 times as long as the achene, and barbed in the distal (0.1–)0.2–0.4; in S. atrovirens the longest bristles are usually 0.9–1.2 times as long as the achene and barbed in the distal 0.3–0.6. Some individuals fall outside these ranges and identification must be based on comparison of all the characters mentioned in the key. Separation from S. georgianus is discussed under S. georgianus.
Scirpus hattorianus occasionally hybridizes with S. ancistrochaetus, S. atrocinctus, S. atrovirens, S. georgianus, and S. pedicellatus. The name Scirpus peckii Britton has been applied to hybrids between S. hattorianus and S. atrocinctus or S. pedicellatus.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Authors prior to 1966 incorrectly applied the name Scirpus lineatus to plants of S. pendulus and treated plants of S. lineatus as S. fontinalis (A. E. Schuyler 1966).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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