Schoenolirion croceum |
Schoenolirion |
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sunnybells, swamp candle, yellow sunnybell |
rush-lily, sunnybell |
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Habit | Plants with prominent bulbs at tops of vertical rootstocks; bulbs ovoid to elongate, to 17 mm diam. | Herbs, perennial, scapose, glabrous, from rootstocks; rootstock vertical, 1–12 cm, fleshy, sometimes bulbose; principal roots contractile, arising from tops of rootstocks. | ||||||||
Bulbs | , when present, ovoid or elongate, scales lunate. |
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Leaves | 3–7, 20–32 cm × 5–8 mm, not withering to persistent fibers; blade flattened or somewhat keeled, usually equaling or exceeding inflorescence, base fleshy. |
2–7, basal; blade flat to nearly terete, sometimes keeled. |
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Inflorescences | seldom branched; bracts ovate-obtuse to lanceolate-acuminate. |
racemose or 1–3(–6)-branched, bracteate, flowers initially crowded, internodes elongating after anthesis. |
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Flowers | tepals seldom strongly recurved, yellow, each with green or reddish abaxial stripe, 3–5-veined, ovate to ovate-oblong, 4.5–6 mm, apex obtuse; ovary green or greenish yellow. |
soon deciduous if unfertilized; tepals persistent, withering separately to base, distinct, yellow or white, each 3–7-veined, equal, 2–6 mm; stamens 6; filaments equal, shorter than tepals, 1–2 mm, inner 3 nectariferous at base; anthers introrse; ovary superior, globose, 3-lobed, 3-locular, placentation axile, ovules 2 per locule; style 1; stigma unlobed or slightly 3-lobed; pedicel 6–15(–30 mm). |
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Fruits | capsular, dehiscent, flattened or indented at top, prominently 3-lobed. |
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Seeds | glossy black, globose, flattened on 1 side, smooth. |
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x | = 12. |
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2n | = 24, 30, 32. |
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Schoenolirion croceum |
Schoenolirion |
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Phenology | Flowering mid Mar–mid Apr in south and west; Apr–mid May in north; dormant by late Jun. | |||||||||
Habitat | Rock outcrops, moist pinelands | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; NC; SC; TN; TX
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se United States; including e Tex |
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Discussion | Schoenolirion croceum is very localized on limestone outcrops in central Tennessee and northern Alabama, sandstone outcrops of the Alabama plateau region, granite outcrops of the Georgia and Carolina Piedmont, Selma chalk outcrops in western Alabama, and wet pinelands and boggy areas in more southern and western parts of its range. All of these habitats are very wet in spring and often very dry in summer. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 3 (3 in the flora). Excluded species: Schoenolirion texanum (scheele).a. gray and oxytria texana (scheele).pollard are names based upon ornithogalum texanum scheele, which is the same as camassia scilloides (rafinesque).cory, and does not belong to schoenolirion (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 313. | FNA vol. 26, p. 312. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Schoenolirion | Liliaceae | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Phalangium croceum, Oxytria crocea | Amblystima, Oxytria | ||||||||
Name authority | (Michaux) Alph. Wood: Amer. Bot. Fl., 344. (1870) | Torrey ex Durand: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2, 3: 103. (1855) | ||||||||
Web links |