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broom bluestem, little bluestem

honey bluestem

Habit Plants cespitose or rhizomatous, green to purplish, sometimes glaucous. Plants cespitose.
Culms

7-210 cm tall, usually 1-3 mm thick, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes.

60-95 cm, slender, erect, glabrous.

Sheaths

rounded or keeled, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes glaucous;

ligules 0.5-2 mm, collars neither elongate nor narrowed;

blades 7-105 cm long, 1.5-9 mm wide, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue.

Leaves

glaucous;

sheaths compressed, scabridulous, glabrous or almost so;

ligules 1-1.5 mm, truncate, erose-ciliate;

blades 10-25 cm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, flat, scabrous, young blades ciliate basally.

Peduncles

0.8-10 cm;

rames 2.5-8 cm, partially to completely exserted, usually somewhat open;

internodes 3-7 mm, usually arcuate at maturity, ciliate on at least the distal 1/2 (sometimes throughout), hairs 1.5-6 mm.

5-9 cm, mostly erect, often included in the subtending leaves, with 2 rames;

rames 3.5-5 cm, enclosed or exerted at maturity;

internodes 4-6.3 mm, ciliate proximally, densely villous on the distal 1/2 - 2/3, hairs 4-7 mm.

Pedicels

3-7.5 mm long, 0.1-0.2 mm wide at the base, flaring above midlength to 0.3-0.5 mm, straight or curving outwards.

5-6 mm, hairs 5-7 mm.

Sessile

spikelets 3-11 mm;

calluses 0.5-1(2) mm, hairs 0.3-4 mm;

lower glumes glabrous;

upper lemmas membranous throughout, cleft to 1/2 their length;

awns 2.5-17 mm.

spikelets 7-8 mm;

calluses 0.2-0.5 mm, hairs 1-2 mm;

lower glumes glabrous, keels scabridulous distally;

awns 14.5-17.5 mm, once-geniculate.

Pedicellate

spikelets 0.7-10 mm, sometimes shorter than the sessile spikelets, sterile or staminate, unawned or awned, awns to 4 mm, when sterile, the lemma usually absent.

spikelets 0.8-4 mm, sterile, unawned.

2n

= 40.

= unknown.

Schizachyrium scoparium

Schizachyrium spadiceum

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; HI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Schizachyrium scoparium is a widespread grassland species extending from Canada to Mexico. It is one of the principal grasses in the tallgrass prairies that used to dominate the central plains of North America. It exhibits considerable variation, much of it clinal. The following varieties are recognized because they are morphologically, ecologically, and geographically distinctive.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Schizachyrium spadiceum was once thought to be a Mexican endemic, but it is now known from limestone slopes in Brewster County, Texas.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous; pedicellate spikelets sterile
var. stoloniferum
1. Plants usually cespitose, not or shortly rhizomatous; pedicellate spikelets staminate or sterile.
→ 2
2. Pedicellate spikelets of the proximal spikelet units on each rame staminate, 5-10 mm long, with a lemma, pedicellate spikelets of the distal units usually smaller (1-4 mm) and sterile; sheaths and blades densely tomentose to glabrate
var. divergens
2. Most pedicellate spikelets sterile, 1-6 mm long, without a lemma; sheaths and blades usually glabrous, occasionally pubescent
var. scoparium
Source FNA vol. 25, p. 669. FNA vol. 25, p. 669.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Schizachyrium Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Schizachyrium
Sibling taxa
S. cirratum, S. littorale, S. maritimum, S. niveum, S. rhizomatum, S. sanguineum, S. spadiceum, S. tenerum
S. cirratum, S. littorale, S. maritimum, S. niveum, S. rhizomatum, S. sanguineum, S. scoparium, S. tenerum
Subordinate taxa
S. scoparium var. divergens, S. scoparium var. scoparium, S. scoparium var. stoloniferum
Synonyms Andropogon scoparius Andropogon spadiceus
Name authority (Michx.) Nash (Swallen) Wipff
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