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broom bluestem, little bluestem

Florida little bluestem

Habit Plants cespitose or rhizomatous, green to purplish, sometimes glaucous. Plants with short, scaly rhizomes.
Culms

7-210 cm tall, usually 1-3 mm thick, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes.

50-90 cm tall, usually less than 1 mm thick, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes, usually glabrous.

Sheaths

rounded or keeled, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes glaucous;

ligules 0.5-2 mm, collars neither elongate nor narrowed;

blades 7-105 cm long, 1.5-9 mm wide, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue.

Peduncles

0.8-10 cm;

rames 2.5-8 cm, partially to completely exserted, usually somewhat open;

internodes 3-7 mm, usually arcuate at maturity, ciliate on at least the distal 1/2 (sometimes throughout), hairs 1.5-6 mm.

3-7 cm;

rames 2-5.5 cm, with 5-14 spikelets, partially to fully exserted, collars neither elongate nor particularly narrow.

Pedicels

3-7.5 mm long, 0.1-0.2 mm wide at the base, flaring above midlength to 0.3-0.5 mm, straight or curving outwards.

3.5-5 mm, ciliate, hairs to 2.3 mm, pedicel bases 0.1-0.2 mm wide, flaring above midlength to about 0.5 mm wide, tending to curve outward, rames appearing somewhat open.

Sessile

spikelets 3-11 mm;

calluses 0.5-1(2) mm, hairs 0.3-4 mm;

lower glumes glabrous;

upper lemmas membranous throughout, cleft to 1/2 their length;

awns 2.5-17 mm.

spikelets 4-7.5 mm;

calluses sparsely pubescent, hairs to 1.5 mm;

awns 2.5-10 mm;

upper lemmas membranous throughout, apices cleft for about 1/4 of their length.

Pedicellate

spikelets 0.7-10 mm, sometimes shorter than the sessile spikelets, sterile or staminate, unawned or awned, awns to 4 mm, when sterile, the lemma usually absent.

spikelets 2.5-5.5 mm, unawned or with awns to 1 mm.

Ligules

about 0.5 mm;

blades 9.5-25 cm long, 1-3 mm wide, usually folded, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue.

2n

= 40.

Schizachyrium scoparium

Schizachyrium rhizomatum

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; HI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Schizachyrium scoparium is a widespread grassland species extending from Canada to Mexico. It is one of the principal grasses in the tallgrass prairies that used to dominate the central plains of North America. It exhibits considerable variation, much of it clinal. The following varieties are recognized because they are morphologically, ecologically, and geographically distinctive.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Schizachyrium rhizomatum grows in open glades and on the margins of pine woodlands and is endemic to Florida. It is restricted to thin, oolitic soils that are often saturated with water, and forms sparse stands, occasionally mixed with Andropogon gracilis, in the Florida Keys.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous; pedicellate spikelets sterile
var. stoloniferum
1. Plants usually cespitose, not or shortly rhizomatous; pedicellate spikelets staminate or sterile.
→ 2
2. Pedicellate spikelets of the proximal spikelet units on each rame staminate, 5-10 mm long, with a lemma, pedicellate spikelets of the distal units usually smaller (1-4 mm) and sterile; sheaths and blades densely tomentose to glabrate
var. divergens
2. Most pedicellate spikelets sterile, 1-6 mm long, without a lemma; sheaths and blades usually glabrous, occasionally pubescent
var. scoparium
Source FNA vol. 25, p. 669. FNA vol. 25, p. 670.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Schizachyrium Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Schizachyrium
Sibling taxa
S. cirratum, S. littorale, S. maritimum, S. niveum, S. rhizomatum, S. sanguineum, S. spadiceum, S. tenerum
S. cirratum, S. littorale, S. maritimum, S. niveum, S. sanguineum, S. scoparium, S. spadiceum, S. tenerum
Subordinate taxa
S. scoparium var. divergens, S. scoparium var. scoparium, S. scoparium var. stoloniferum
Synonyms Andropogon scoparius Andropogon rhizomatous
Name authority (Michx.) Nash (Swallen) Gould
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