Schizachyrium scoparium |
Schizachyrium maritimum |
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broom bluestem, little bluestem |
gulf bluestem |
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Habit | Plants cespitose or rhizomatous, green to purplish, sometimes glaucous. | Plants often appearing rhizomatous. | ||||||||
Culms | 7-210 cm tall, usually 1-3 mm thick, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes. |
35-80 cm, solitary, decumbent, branching at the lower nodes, often rooting from nodes in contact with the soil. |
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Sheaths | rounded or keeled, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes glaucous; ligules 0.5-2 mm, collars neither elongate nor narrowed; blades 7-105 cm long, 1.5-9 mm wide, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue. |
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Leaves | glaucous throughout; sheaths shorter than the internodes, keeled; collars constricted, elongate; ligules 0.5-1 mm; blades 11-142 cm long, 3.5-5.5 mm wide, folded, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue. |
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Peduncles | 0.8-10 cm; rames 2.5-8 cm, partially to completely exserted, usually somewhat open; internodes 3-7 mm, usually arcuate at maturity, ciliate on at least the distal 1/2 (sometimes throughout), hairs 1.5-6 mm. |
1-6 cm; subtending leaf sheaths 3.2-6.6 cm long, 3-6.5 mm wide; rames 2.5-6.5 cm, flexuous, usually partially exserted, appearing somewhat open; internodes 4-5.5 mm, straight, pubescent for 1/2 - 3/4 of their length, hairs 2.5-6 mm. |
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Pedicels | 3-7.5 mm long, 0.1-0.2 mm wide at the base, flaring above midlength to 0.3-0.5 mm, straight or curving outwards. |
5-7 mm, as conspicuously villous as the rachis. |
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Sessile | spikelets 3-11 mm; calluses 0.5-1(2) mm, hairs 0.3-4 mm; lower glumes glabrous; upper lemmas membranous throughout, cleft to 1/2 their length; awns 2.5-17 mm. |
spikelets 9-11 mm; calluses 0.3-0.5 mm; hairs to 1 mm; awns 8-13 mm. |
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Pedicellate | spikelets 0.7-10 mm, sometimes shorter than the sessile spikelets, sterile or staminate, unawned or awned, awns to 4 mm, when sterile, the lemma usually absent. |
spikelets 4.5-8.5 mm, staminate, unawned or awned, awns to 3.5 mm. |
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2n | = 40. |
= 40. |
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Schizachyrium scoparium |
Schizachyrium maritimum |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; HI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK
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AL; FL; LA; MS |
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Discussion | Schizachyrium scoparium is a widespread grassland species extending from Canada to Mexico. It is one of the principal grasses in the tallgrass prairies that used to dominate the central plains of North America. It exhibits considerable variation, much of it clinal. The following varieties are recognized because they are morphologically, ecologically, and geographically distinctive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Schizachyrium maritimum is endemic to the south-eastern United States, growing in sandy areas, usually at the ocean waterline but also along roads in low, dune areas, from Louisiana to the Florida panhandle. The plants often appear rhizomatous because the lower, decumbent portions of the culms are frequently covered by sand. It is an effective sand binder and can withstand frequent inundation by sea water, the constricted collar permitting the blades to sway freely when subjected to wind or wave action. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 669. | FNA vol. 25, p. 672. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Schizachyrium | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Schizachyrium | ||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Andropogon scoparius | Andropogon maritimus | ||||||||
Name authority | (Michx.) Nash | (Chapm.) Nash | ||||||||
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