Schizachyrium sanguineum |
Schizachyrium maritimum |
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crimson bluestem |
gulf bluestem |
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Habit | Plants cespitose. | Plants often appearing rhizomatous. | ||||
Culms | 40-120 cm, erect, not rooting or branching at the lower nodes, glabrous. |
35-80 cm, solitary, decumbent, branching at the lower nodes, often rooting from nodes in contact with the soil. |
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Sheaths | glabrous, rounded; ligules 0.7-2 mm; blades 7-20 cm long, 1-6 mm wide, usually with long, papillose-based hairs basally, glabrous elsewhere, sometimes scabrous, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue. |
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Leaves | glaucous throughout; sheaths shorter than the internodes, keeled; collars constricted, elongate; ligules 0.5-1 mm; blades 11-142 cm long, 3.5-5.5 mm wide, folded, without a longitudinal stripe of white, spongy tissue. |
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Peduncles | 4-6 cm; rames 4-15 cm, not open, usually almost fully exserted at maturity; internodes 4-6 mm, straight, from mostly glabrous with a tuft of hairs at the base to densely hirsute all over. |
1-6 cm; subtending leaf sheaths 3.2-6.6 cm long, 3-6.5 mm wide; rames 2.5-6.5 cm, flexuous, usually partially exserted, appearing somewhat open; internodes 4-5.5 mm, straight, pubescent for 1/2 - 3/4 of their length, hairs 2.5-6 mm. |
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Pedicels | 3-6 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide at the base, gradually widening to about 0.6-0.8 mm at the top, straight. |
5-7 mm, as conspicuously villous as the rachis. |
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Sessile | spikelets 5-9 mm; calluses 0.5-1 mm, hairs to 2 mm; lower glumes glabrous or densely pubescent; upper lemmas cleft for (2/3)3/4-7/8 of their length; awns 15-25 mm. |
spikelets 9-11 mm; calluses 0.3-0.5 mm; hairs to 1 mm; awns 8-13 mm. |
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Pedicellate | spikelets 3-5 mm, usually evidently shorter than the sessile spikelets, sterile or staminate, awned, awns 0.3-6 mm. |
spikelets 4.5-8.5 mm, staminate, unawned or awned, awns to 3.5 mm. |
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2n | = 40. |
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Schizachyrium sanguineum |
Schizachyrium maritimum |
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Distribution |
AL; AZ; FL; GA; NM; TX; PR; Virgin Islands |
AL; FL; LA; MS |
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Discussion | Schizachyrium sanguineum extends from the southern United States to Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Schizachyrium maritimum is endemic to the south-eastern United States, growing in sandy areas, usually at the ocean waterline but also along roads in low, dune areas, from Louisiana to the Florida panhandle. The plants often appear rhizomatous because the lower, decumbent portions of the culms are frequently covered by sand. It is an effective sand binder and can withstand frequent inundation by sea water, the constricted collar permitting the blades to sway freely when subjected to wind or wave action. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 674. | FNA vol. 25, p. 672. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Andropogon maritimus | |||||
Name authority | (Retz.) Alston | (Chapm.) Nash | ||||
Web links |