Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

1.3–2(–3) cm, central strand distinct.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

erect or curved, sometimes curved towards stem, imbricate, sometimes weakly spreading when dry, ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate, keeled distally, 1.2–1.8(–2.2) mm, 1-stratose, rarely with 2-stratose striae or patches distally;

margins usually recurved to near apex, smooth or rarely weakly denticulate distally, 2-stratose, occasionally 3-stratose, often in more than one row;

apices acute or somewhat rounded;

costa sub-percurrent, percurrent, or excurrent as a short, denticulate, slightly decurrent awn, abaxial surface occasionally weakly papillose;

basal marginal cells quadrate or short-rectangular;

distal laminal cells mostly isodiametric or ovate, occasionally short-rectangular, 9–13 µm wide, smooth, weakly sinuose, walls usually pale orange or yellowish.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

light (yellow-) brown, occasionally red-brown, short-cylindric or ovoid, usually narrowed towards the mouth, 0.8–1.4(–1.7) mm;

exothecial cells mostly irregularly angular, short-elongate or isodiametric, rarely oblate, walls thin or moderately and unevenly thickened, often somewhat curved, trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent to squarrose-recurved, often twisted, 300–450 µm, dull dark red or brown, densely papillose, usually entire, sometimes weakly perforated.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

11–18 µm, granulose or verruculose.