Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

1–5 cm, central strand distinct.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

erect or curved when dry, narrowly ovate-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, 1.6–3 mm, 1-stratose, rarely with 2-stratose striae distally;

margins recurved to near apex, smooth, 1- or 2-stratose;

apices acute, rarely somewhat obtuse;

costa usually long-excurrent as a spinulose-denticulate, usually decurrent awn, rarely percurrent, smooth;

basal marginal cells quadrate or oblate, trigonous;

distal laminal cells short-rectangular, occasionally isodiametric, 8–11 µm wide, strongly sinuose.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

light brown or red-brown, cylindric to elongate-cylindric, (0.8–)1–1.6 mm, sometimes striated;

exothecial cells mostly irregularly shaped, mainly elongate, with numerous isodiametric and, sometimes, a few oblate cells, walls thin-walled to unevenly thickened and somewhat curved, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent to squarrose, sometimes twisted, 300–430 µm, red or orange-red, densely papillose, entire or weakly perforated.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

8–11 µm, nearly smooth.