Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

1.2–5 cm, central strand distinct.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

erect or curved, sometimes imbricate but usually with spreading leaf tips, sometimes weakly contorted, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, 1.5–2.3 mm, 1-stratose, rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved to near apex, smooth but sometimes slightly toothed along decurrent portion of awn, 1- or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa usually excurrent as a denticulate or spinulose-denticulate, straight or flexuose, usually bright white (sharply contrasting with the lamina), strongly decurrent awn, smooth;

basal marginal cells quadrate or rectangular, trigonous;

distal laminal cells variable in shape and size, isodiametric or short-rectangular, strongly trigonous, often guttulate and, occasionally, with stellate lumina, especially at mid leaf, 8–11 µm wide, smooth, strongly sinuose.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

orange-brown or reddish brown, cylindric, 0.8–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells often irregularly shaped, mostly isodiametric or oblate, occasionally mixed with a few elongate cells, thin-walled, walls sometimes curved, often with small trigones;

stomata present;

peristome patent to recurved, often twisted, 250–450 µm, red, densely papillose, usually weakly perforated.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

11–15 µm, finely granulose.