Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

1.3–3(–4) cm, central strand weak or absent.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

usually curved, often falcate-secund, sometimes erect, imbricate when dry, narrowly ovate-lanceolate, keeled distally, 1.7–2.4 mm, 1-stratose to, rarely, 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved to apex, smooth, usually 2-stratose, sometimes 1-stratose or multistratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, usually non-decurrent, flexuose awn, sometimes embracing part of the lamina, smooth;

basal marginal cells quadrate or short-rectangular;

distal laminal cells quadrate or short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

orange-brown or red-brown, short-cylindric to cylindric, 0.8–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually a mix of isodiametric, short-elongate, and oblate cells, thin-walled, walls often curved, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome recurved to squarrose-recurved, sometimes twisted, 260–430 µm, orange or reddish orange, weakly papillose, usually strongly perforated.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

11–17 µm, granulose.