Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

0.5–2 cm, central strand distinct.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

erect, occasionally curved, imbricate when dry, ovate-lanceolate, rarely ovate-triangular, keeled, 1–1.6(–2) mm, 1-stratose, sometimes 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved to near apex, sometimes unequally, rarely plane, smooth, 2-stratose, rarely 3-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a short, usually denticulate awn, smooth;

basal marginal cells oblate, occasionally quadrate, trigonous;

distal cells short-rectangular, rounded (ovate), or quadrate, 7–9(–11) µm wide, smooth, straight or slightly sinuose.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

dark red-brown, rarely lighter or yellowish, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm, usually finely striate when empty;

exothecial cells isodiametric or short-elongate, often irregularly angular, thin-walled, weakly trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent to squarrose, 250–380 µm, red or reddish brown, densely papillose, entire or weakly perforated.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

8–11(–13) µm, smooth.